International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

  • K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
  • A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
  • W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
  • J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

This timescale is used in the definition of 126710 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic TimescaleNorth American Land Mammal AgesTen Million Year BinsPaleogene Mammal Ages of Asia
18.5
PaleogeneOligoceneChattianArikareeanCenozoic 4TabenbulakianHsandagolian23.03
RupelianKekeamuan27.82
Whitneyan29.5
Orellan31.8
EocenePriabonianChadronianCenozoic 3Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian33.9
Duchesnean37
BartonianSharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan37.71
Uintan39.7
LutetianCenozoic 241.2
Bridgerian46.2
YpresianBumbanian47.8
Wasatchian50.5
Clarkforkian54.9
PaleoceneThanetianCenozoic 1Gashatan56
Tiffanian56.2
Selandian59.2
Torrejonian60.9
Danian61.6
Puercan63.8
66