PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

This timescale is used in the definition of 126163 collections

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			North American Land Mammal Ages	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Saintaugustinean	Wanganui	Haweran			0
		Meghalayan	Santarosean					0.0004
		Northgrippian						0.0042
		Greenlandian						0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						0.0117
		Late Pleistocene	Rancholabrean					0.014
		Chibanian	Rancholabrean					0.129
			Irvingtonian					0.21
					Castlecliffian			0.34
		Calabrian						0.774
			Blancan					1.4
					Nukumaruan			1.63
		Gelasian			Nukumaruan			1.8
		Gelasian			Mangapanian			2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Mangapanian			2.58
		Piacenzian			Waipipian			3
		Zanclean			Waipipian			3.6
					Opoitian			3.7
			Hemphillian		Opoitian			4.7
	Miocene	Messinian		Taranaki	Kapitean			5.333
		Messinian			Tongaporutuan			7.2
		Tortonian						7.246
			Clarendonian					9.4
				Southland	Waiauan			11.04
		Serravallian						11.63
			Barstovian					12.5
					Lillburnian			13.05
		Langhian			Lillburnian			13.82
					Clifdenian			15.1
				Pareora	Altonian			15.9
		Burdigalian						15.98
			Hemingfordian					16.3
			Arikareean					18.5
					Otaian			18.7
		Aquitanian			Otaian			20.44
		Aquitanian		Landon	Waitakian			21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian			Waitakian	Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian	23.03
					Duntroonian			25.2
					Whaingaroan			27.3
		Rupelian				Kekeamuan		27.82
			Whitneyan					29.5
			Orellan					31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian	Chadronian			Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		33.9
				Arnold	Runangan			34.6
					Kaiatan			36.7
			Duchesnean					37
		Bartonian				Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan		37.71
					Bortonian			39.1
			Uintan					39.7
		Lutetian						41.2
				Dannevirke	Porangan			42.6
					Heretaungan			45.7
			Bridgerian					46.2
		Ypresian					Bumbanian	47.8
					Mangaorapan			48.9
			Wasatchian		Mangaorapan			50.5
			Wasatchian		Waipawan			52
			Clarkforkian		Waipawan			54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Clarkforkian		Teurian	Gashatan		56
		Thanetian	Tiffanian			Gashatan		56.2
		Selandian	Tiffanian					59.2
		Selandian	Torrejonian					60.9
		Danian	Torrejonian					61.6
		Danian	Puercan					63.8
								66