International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
- J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
This timescale is used in the definition of 126163 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | North American Land Mammal Ages | Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand | Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Saintaugustinean | Wanganui | Haweran | 0 | |||
Santarosean | 0.0004 | ||||||||
Northgrippian | 0.0042 | ||||||||
Greenlandian | 0.0082 | ||||||||
Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | |||||||
Rancholabrean | 0.014 | ||||||||
Chibanian | 0.129 | ||||||||
Irvingtonian | 0.21 | ||||||||
Castlecliffian | 0.34 | ||||||||
Calabrian | 0.774 | ||||||||
Blancan | 1.4 | ||||||||
Nukumaruan | 1.63 | ||||||||
Gelasian | 1.8 | ||||||||
Mangapanian | 2.4 | ||||||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | 2.58 | ||||||
Waipipian | 3 | ||||||||
Zanclean | 3.6 | ||||||||
Opoitian | 3.7 | ||||||||
Hemphillian | 4.7 | ||||||||
Miocene | Messinian | Taranaki | Kapitean | 5.333 | |||||
Tongaporutuan | 7.2 | ||||||||
Tortonian | 7.246 | ||||||||
Clarendonian | 9.4 | ||||||||
Southland | Waiauan | 11.04 | |||||||
Serravallian | 11.63 | ||||||||
Barstovian | 12.5 | ||||||||
Lillburnian | 13.05 | ||||||||
Langhian | 13.82 | ||||||||
Clifdenian | 15.1 | ||||||||
Pareora | Altonian | 15.9 | |||||||
Burdigalian | 15.98 | ||||||||
Hemingfordian | 16.3 | ||||||||
Arikareean | 18.5 | ||||||||
Otaian | 18.7 | ||||||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | ||||||||
Landon | Waitakian | 21.7 | |||||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Tabenbulakian | Hsandagolian | 23.03 | ||||
Duntroonian | 25.2 | ||||||||
Whaingaroan | 27.3 | ||||||||
Rupelian | Kekeamuan | 27.82 | |||||||
Whitneyan | 29.5 | ||||||||
Orellan | 31.8 | ||||||||
Eocene | Priabonian | Chadronian | Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian | 33.9 | |||||
Arnold | Runangan | 34.6 | |||||||
Kaiatan | 36.7 | ||||||||
Duchesnean | 37 | ||||||||
Bartonian | Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan | 37.71 | |||||||
Bortonian | 39.1 | ||||||||
Uintan | 39.7 | ||||||||
Lutetian | 41.2 | ||||||||
Dannevirke | Porangan | 42.6 | |||||||
Heretaungan | 45.7 | ||||||||
Bridgerian | 46.2 | ||||||||
Ypresian | Bumbanian | 47.8 | |||||||
Mangaorapan | 48.9 | ||||||||
Wasatchian | 50.5 | ||||||||
Waipawan | 52 | ||||||||
Clarkforkian | 54.9 | ||||||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | Teurian | Gashatan | 56 | |||||
Tiffanian | 56.2 | ||||||||
Selandian | 59.2 | ||||||||
Torrejonian | 60.9 | ||||||||
Danian | 61.6 | ||||||||
Puercan | 63.8 | ||||||||
66 |