PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126668 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Cambrian of Australia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan											0
		Northgrippian											0.0042
		Greenlandian											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											0.0117
		Chibanian											0.129
		Calabrian											0.774
		Gelasian											1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Tertiary †									2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											5.333
		Tortonian											7.246
		Serravallian											11.63
		Langhian											13.82
		Burdigalian											15.98
		Aquitanian											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
		Bartonian											37.71
		Lutetian											41.2
		Ypresian											47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian											56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											66
		Campanian											72.1
		Santonian											83.6
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
		Cenomanian											93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian											100.5
		Aptian											113
		Barremian											121.4
		Hauterivian											125.77
		Valanginian											132.6
		Berriasian											139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian											145
		Kimmeridgian											149.2
		Oxfordian											154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
		Bathonian											165.3
		Bajocian											168.2
		Aalenian											170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian											174.7
		Pliensbachian											184.2
		Sinemurian											192.9
		Hettangian											199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian											201.4
		Norian											208.5
		Carnian											227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian											237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian											242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian									Vokhmian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan									Vokhmian		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian											251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †						Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian		259.51
		Wordian									Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian		264.28
		Roadian									Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian											273.01
		Artinskian											283.5
		Sakmarian											290.1
		Asselian											293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian											298.9
		Kasimovian	303.7
		Moscovian	307
		Bashkirian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Srbsko			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Chotec			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Daleje/Zlichovian			393.3
		Pragian	Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian	Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Kosovian	443.8
		Katian				Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	445.2
		Katian				Berounian		449.7 *
		Sandbian		453
				Zahorany †/Vinice				Letna †	456.2 *
				Liben †					458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							458.4
						Dobrotivian			458.5 *
						Oretanian			459.7 *
				Sarka †					461.7 *
		Dapingian		Klabava †					467.3
		Dapingian				Arenigian			468
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Arenigian			470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		Tremadocian					477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Datsonian	485.4
		Stage 10							Payntonian	486.8 *
		Jiangshanian							Iverian	489.5
		Paibian							Idamean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Series 3 †	Mindyallan		497
		Guzhangian								Boomerangian		499
		Drumian								Undillan		500.5
		Drumian								Floran		503
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †					Templetonian		504.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †					Ordian		507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4								Ordian		509
		Stage 4										510.8 *
		Stage 3										514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2										521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian										529
													538.8