International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

  • K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
  • M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
  • J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
  • W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
  • Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127249 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic TimescaleTen Million Year BinsCarboniferous of Western EuropeCarbo-Permian of the Russian Platform
287.6
297.7
CarboniferousPennsylvanianGzhelianCarboniferous 5KuzelRusavkinian298.9 *
StephanianStephanian C300.3 *
Stephanian B300.9 *
Stephanian A301.4 *
KasimovianDorogomilovian303.7
Khamovnikian304.8
Cantabrian305 *
Krevyakinian305.8 *
MoscovianCarboniferous 4Myachkovian307
WestphalianWestphalian D307.4 *
Podolskian308.9 *
Westphalian C309.8
Kashirian311.4 *
Vereian313.8
Westphalian B314.6
Melekessian314.8
Bashkirian315.2
Cheremshanian316.9 *
Westphalian A317 *
Prikamian318.6 *
NamurianYeadonian318.8 *
Severokeltmian319.9 *
Marsdenian320.2 *
Krasnopolyanian321.2 *
Kinderscoutian321.5 *
Voznesenian321.9 *
Alportian322 *
Chokierian323.1 *
MississippianSerpukhovianCarboniferous 3Zapaltjubian323.2
Arnsbergian324 *
Protvian324.4 *
Steshevian326.8 *
Pendleian327.4 *
Tarusian329 *
ViseanCarboniferous 2WarnantianBrigantian †Venevian330.9
Mikhailovian331.9 *
Aleksinian333.7 *
Tulian335.8 *
LivianAsbian †336.3 *
Bobrikian339.9 *
MoliniacianHolkerian †/Arundian/Chadian340.2 *
Radaevkian343.4 *
TournaisianCarboniferous 1IvorianKosvian346.7
Kizelian350.7 *
Cherepetian351.9 *
Hastarian353.7 *
Karakubian354.4 *
Upinian356.3 *
Malevkian357.6 *
Gumerovian358 *
358.9