PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
P. L. Gibbard, M. J. Head, and M. J. C. Walker. 2010. Formal ratification of the Quaternary System/Period and the Pleistocene Series/Epoch with a base at 2.58 Ma. Journal of Quaternary Science 25(2):96-102 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127017 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Ordovician of North America					Ordovician of China
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Kosovian				Cincinnatian	Gamachian				Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	443.8
		Katian	Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †				Gamachian				Chientangkiangian			445.2
								Richmondian				Chientangkiangian			446 *
												Neichianshanian/Hanjiang			449.5
			Berounian												449.7 *
								Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian						449.8 *
								Edenian							450.4 *
							Mohawkian	Chatfieldian							451.1 *
		Sandbian						Chatfieldian							453
								Turinian							453.7 *
					Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †		Turinian							456.2 *
					Zahorany †/Vinice		Whiterockian		Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor					457 *
				Liben †											458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian										Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo		458.4
			Dobrotivian												458.5 *
			Oretanian												459.7 *
				Sarka †											461.7 *
				Sarka †									Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo	466.3 *
		Dapingian		Klabava †								Dapingian			467.3
			Arenigian												468
								Rangerian							469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	Yiyangian			470
		Floian						Tulean				Yiyangian			473.9 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadocian									Xinchangian			477.7
														Lianghekou †	477.9 *
								Stairsian							480.3 *
								Skullrockian/Demingian							482 *
															485.4
															487.5