International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
- M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
- J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 127245 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Ten Million Year Bins | Mesozoic Subages | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | Cretaceous 8 | Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian | 66 | |||||
| Campanian | Cretaceous 7 | Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian | 72.1 | |||||||
| Santonian | Cretaceous 6 | Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian | 83.6 | |||||||
| Coniacian | Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian | 86.3 | ||||||||
| Turonian | Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian | 89.8 | ||||||||
| Cenomanian | Cretaceous 5 | Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian | 93.9 | |||||||
| Early Cretaceous | Albian | Cretaceous 4 | Late Albian | 100.5 | ||||||
| Middle Albian | 106.2 * | |||||||||
| Early Albian | 109.9 * | |||||||||
| Aptian | Cretaceous 3 | Late Aptian | 113 | |||||||
| Early Aptian | 119.5 * | |||||||||
| Barremian | Cretaceous 2 | Late Barremian/Early Barremian | 121.4 | |||||||
| Hauterivian | Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian | 125.77 | ||||||||
| Valanginian | Cretaceous 1 | Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian | 132.6 | |||||||
| Berriasian | Late Berriasian | 139.8 | ||||||||
| Middle Berriasian | 140.6 * | |||||||||
| Early Berriasian | 142.7 * | |||||||||
| 145 | ||||||||||