International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
- J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
- B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
- F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
- J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 127234 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cretaceous Subepochs | Mesozoic Subages | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | Senonian | Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian | 66 | ||||||
| Campanian | Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian | 72.1 | |||||||||
| Santonian | Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian | 83.6 | |||||||||
| Coniacian | Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||||
| Turonian | Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||||
| Cenomanian | Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian | 93.9 | |||||||||
| Early Cretaceous | Albian | Gallic | Late Albian | 100.5 | |||||||
| Middle Albian | 106.2 * | ||||||||||
| Early Albian | 109.9 * | ||||||||||
| Aptian | Late Aptian | 113 | |||||||||
| Early Aptian | 119.5 * | ||||||||||
| Barremian | Late Barremian/Early Barremian | 121.4 | |||||||||
| Hauterivian | Neocomian | Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian | 125.77 | ||||||||
| Valanginian | Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian | 132.6 | |||||||||
| Berriasian | Late Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||||
| Middle Berriasian | 140.6 * | ||||||||||
| Early Berriasian | 142.7 * | ||||||||||
| 145 | |||||||||||