International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
- F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
- J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126691 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Ten Million Year Bins | Mesozoic Subages | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | Cretaceous 8 | Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian | 66 | ||||
| Campanian | Cretaceous 7 | Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian | 72.1 | ||||||
| Santonian | Cretaceous 6 | Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian | 83.6 | ||||||
| Coniacian | Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||
| Turonian | Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||
| Cenomanian | Cretaceous 5 | Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian | 93.9 | ||||||
| Early Cretaceous | Albian | Cretaceous 4 | Late Albian | 100.5 | |||||
| Middle Albian | 106.2 * | ||||||||
| Early Albian | 109.9 * | ||||||||
| Aptian | Cretaceous 3 | Late Aptian | 113 | ||||||
| Early Aptian | 119.5 * | ||||||||
| Barremian | Cretaceous 2 | Late Barremian/Early Barremian | 121.4 | ||||||
| Hauterivian | Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||||
| Valanginian | Cretaceous 1 | Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian | 132.6 | ||||||
| Berriasian | Late Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||
| Middle Berriasian | 140.6 * | ||||||||
| Early Berriasian | 142.7 * | ||||||||
| 145 | |||||||||