PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126689 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand			Cretaceous Subepochs		Mesozoic Subages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Wanganui	Haweran					0
		Northgrippian							0.0042
		Greenlandian							0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene							0.0117
		Chibanian							0.129
		Chibanian		Castlecliffian					0.34
		Calabrian		Castlecliffian					0.774
		Calabrian		Nukumaruan					1.63
		Gelasian		Nukumaruan					1.8
		Gelasian		Mangapanian					2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Mangapanian					2.58
		Piacenzian		Waipipian					3
		Zanclean		Waipipian					3.6
		Zanclean		Opoitian					3.7
	Miocene	Messinian	Taranaki	Kapitean					5.333
		Messinian		Tongaporutuan					7.2
		Tortonian		Tongaporutuan					7.246
		Tortonian	Southland	Waiauan					11.04
		Serravallian		Waiauan					11.63
		Serravallian		Lillburnian					13.05
		Langhian		Lillburnian					13.82
				Clifdenian					15.1
			Pareora	Altonian					15.9
		Burdigalian		Altonian					15.98
		Burdigalian		Otaian					18.7
		Aquitanian		Otaian					20.44
		Aquitanian	Landon	Waitakian					21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian		Waitakian					23.03
				Duntroonian					25.2
				Whaingaroan					27.3
		Rupelian							27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian							33.9
			Arnold	Runangan					34.6
				Kaiatan					36.7
		Bartonian		Kaiatan					37.71
		Bartonian		Bortonian					39.1
		Lutetian		Bortonian					41.2
			Dannevirke	Porangan					42.6
				Heretaungan					45.7
		Ypresian		Heretaungan					47.8
				Mangaorapan					48.9
				Waipawan					52
	Paleocene	Thanetian		Teurian					56
		Selandian							59.2
		Danian							61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Mata	Haumurian		Senonian		Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian	66
		Campanian		Haumurian				Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian	72.1
		Santonian		Piripauan				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian	83.6
		Santonian	Raukumara	Teratan				Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian	86.1
		Coniacian						Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian	86.3
		Turonian						Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian	89.8
				Mangaotanean					90.5
				Arowhanan					93.7
		Cenomanian		Arowhanan				Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian	93.9
			Clarence	Ngaterian					95.2
				Motuan					99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Motuan		Gallic		Late Albian	100.5
				Urutawan				Late Albian	103.3
				Urutawan				Middle Albian	106.2 *
			Taitai	Korangan				Middle Albian	108.4
								Early Albian	109.9 *
		Aptian						Late Aptian	113
								Late Aptian	117.5
								Early Aptian	119.5 *
		Barremian			Late Barremian/Early Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian			Neocomian	Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian	125.77
		Valanginian				Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian	132.6
		Berriasian				Late Berriasian	139.8
						Middle Berriasian	140.6 *
						Early Berriasian	142.7 *
									145