PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126699 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Obsolete Names for ICS Units	Cenozoic Subepochs
								2.58
								21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4	Landon	Waitakian	Tertiary †	Late Oligocene	23.03
					Duntroonian			25.2
					Whaingaroan			27.3
		Rupelian					Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3				Late Eocene	33.9
				Arnold	Runangan			34.6
					Kaiatan			36.7
		Bartonian			Kaiatan		Middle Eocene	37.71
		Bartonian			Bortonian			39.1
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2		Bortonian			41.2
				Dannevirke	Porangan			42.6
					Heretaungan			45.7
		Ypresian			Heretaungan		Early Eocene	47.8
					Mangaorapan			48.9
					Waipawan			52
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1		Teurian		Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian					Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian					Early Paleocene	61.6
								66