PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126701 collections

Show less time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan		0
		Northgrippian		0.0042
		Greenlandian		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian	Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Calabrian	Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Gelasian	Early Pleistocene	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Late Pliocene	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean	Early Pliocene	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian	Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian	Late Miocene	7.246
		Serravallian	Middle Miocene	11.63
		Langhian	Middle Miocene	13.82
		Burdigalian	Early Miocene	15.98
		Aquitanian	Early Miocene	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian	Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian	Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian	Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian	Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian	Early Paleocene	61.6
				66