International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
- J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126186 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand | North American Mammal Subages/Zones | Central Paratethys Stages | Cenozoic Subepochs | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Wanganui | Haweran | 0 | ||||||||||
Northgrippian | 0.0042 | ||||||||||||||
Greenlandian | 0.0082 | ||||||||||||||
Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Sheridanian | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | |||||||||||
Chibanian | Middle Pleistocene | 0.129 | |||||||||||||
Cudahyan/Sappan | 0.21 | ||||||||||||||
Castlecliffian | 0.34 | ||||||||||||||
Calabrian | Early Pleistocene | 0.774 | |||||||||||||
Senecan/Rexroadian | 1.4 | ||||||||||||||
Nukumaruan | 1.63 | ||||||||||||||
Gelasian | 1.8 | ||||||||||||||
Mangapanian | 2.4 | ||||||||||||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Late Pliocene | 2.58 | |||||||||||
Waipipian | 3 | ||||||||||||||
Zanclean | Early Pliocene | 3.6 | |||||||||||||
Opoitian | 3.7 | ||||||||||||||
Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian | 4.7 | ||||||||||||||
Miocene | Messinian | Taranaki | Kapitean | Late Miocene | 5.333 | ||||||||||
Tongaporutuan | 7.2 | ||||||||||||||
Tortonian | Pannonian | 7.246 | |||||||||||||
Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian | 9.4 | ||||||||||||||
Southland | Waiauan | 11.04 | |||||||||||||
Serravallian | Sarmatian | Middle Miocene | 11.63 | ||||||||||||
late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian | 12.5 | ||||||||||||||
Badenian | 12.8 * | ||||||||||||||
Lillburnian | 13.05 | ||||||||||||||
Langhian | 13.82 | ||||||||||||||
Clifdenian | 15.1 | ||||||||||||||
Pareora | Altonian | 15.9 | |||||||||||||
Burdigalian | Early Miocene | 15.98 | |||||||||||||
Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian | 16.3 | ||||||||||||||
late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean | Harrisonian | 18.5 | |||||||||||||
Otaian | 18.7 | ||||||||||||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | ||||||||||||||
Landon | Waitakian | 21.7 | |||||||||||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Late Oligocene | 23.03 | |||||||||||
Monroecreekian | 23.1 * | ||||||||||||||
Geringian | 24.7 * | ||||||||||||||
Duntroonian | 25.2 | ||||||||||||||
Whaingaroan | 27.3 | ||||||||||||||
Rupelian | Early Oligocene | 27.82 | |||||||||||||
29.5 | |||||||||||||||
Eocene | Priabonian | Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian | Late Eocene | 33.9 | |||||||||||
Arnold | Runangan | 34.6 | |||||||||||||
Kaiatan | 36.7 | ||||||||||||||
37 | |||||||||||||||
Bartonian | Middle Eocene | 37.71 | |||||||||||||
Bortonian | 39.1 | ||||||||||||||
Late Uintan/Early Uintan | 39.7 | ||||||||||||||
Lutetian | 41.2 | ||||||||||||||
Dannevirke | Porangan | 42.6 | |||||||||||||
Heretaungan | 45.7 | ||||||||||||||
Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian | 46.2 | ||||||||||||||
Ypresian | Early Eocene | 47.8 | |||||||||||||
Mangaorapan | 48.9 | ||||||||||||||
Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean | 50.5 | ||||||||||||||
Waipawan | 52 | ||||||||||||||
Cf3/Cf2/Cf1 | 54.9 | ||||||||||||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | Teurian | Late Paleocene | 56 | |||||||||||
Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1 | 56.2 | ||||||||||||||
Selandian | Middle Paleocene | 59.2 | |||||||||||||
To3/To2/To1 | 60.9 | ||||||||||||||
Danian | Early Paleocene | 61.6 | |||||||||||||
Pu3/Pu2/Pu1 | 63.8 | ||||||||||||||
66 |