International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
- M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
This timescale is used in the definition of 125962 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand | Mammal Paleogene Zones | North American Land Mammal Ages | Cenozoic Subepochs | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18.5 | ||||||||||||
| 21.7 | ||||||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Landon | Waitakian | MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26 | MP 25 | Arikareean | Late Oligocene | 23.03 | |||
| Duntroonian | 25.2 | |||||||||||
| Whaingaroan | 27.3 | |||||||||||
| Rupelian | MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21 | Early Oligocene | 27.82 | |||||||||
| Whitneyan | 29.5 | |||||||||||
| Orellan | 31.8 | |||||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A | Chadronian | Late Eocene | 33.9 | |||||||
| Arnold | Runangan | 34.6 | ||||||||||
| Kaiatan | 36.7 | |||||||||||
| Duchesnean | 37 | |||||||||||
| Bartonian | MP 16 | Middle Eocene | 37.71 | |||||||||
| Bortonian | 39.1 | |||||||||||
| Uintan | 39.7 | |||||||||||
| Lutetian | MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11 | 41.2 | ||||||||||
| Dannevirke | Porangan | 42.6 | ||||||||||
| Heretaungan | 45.7 | |||||||||||
| Bridgerian | 46.2 | |||||||||||
| Ypresian | MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7 | Early Eocene | 47.8 | |||||||||
| Mangaorapan | 48.9 | |||||||||||
| Wasatchian | 50.5 | |||||||||||
| Waipawan | 52 | |||||||||||
| Clarkforkian | 54.9 | |||||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | Teurian | MP 6 | MP 1 - 5 | Late Paleocene | 56 | ||||||
| Tiffanian | 56.2 | |||||||||||
| Selandian | Middle Paleocene | 59.2 | ||||||||||
| Torrejonian | 60.9 | |||||||||||
| Danian | Early Paleocene | 61.6 | ||||||||||
| Puercan | 63.8 | |||||||||||
| 66 | ||||||||||||