International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
- M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126149 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | European Faunal Units | Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia | Mammal Paleogene Zones | Cenozoic Subepochs | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | 0 | ||||||||||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | ||||||||||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | ||||||||||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||||||
| Chibanian | Middle Pleistocene | 0.129 | |||||||||||
| Calabrian | Early Pleistocene | 0.774 | |||||||||||
| Gelasian | 1.8 | ||||||||||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Villanyian | Late Pliocene | 2.58 | ||||||||
| Ruscinian | 3.1 * | ||||||||||||
| Zanclean | Early Pliocene | 3.6 | |||||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | Turolian | Late Miocene | 5.333 | |||||||||
| Tortonian | 7.246 | ||||||||||||
| Vallesian | 8.7 | ||||||||||||
| Serravallian | Astaracian | Middle Miocene | 11.63 | ||||||||||
| Langhian | 13.82 | ||||||||||||
| Burdigalian | Orleanian | Early Miocene | 15.98 | ||||||||||
| Agenian | 20 | ||||||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | ||||||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Tabenbulakian | Hsandagolian | MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26 | MP 25 | Late Oligocene | 23.03 | |||||
| Rupelian | Kekeamuan | MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21 | Early Oligocene | 27.82 | |||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian | MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A | Late Eocene | 33.9 | ||||||||
| Bartonian | Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan | MP 16 | Middle Eocene | 37.71 | |||||||||
| Lutetian | MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11 | 41.2 | |||||||||||
| Ypresian | Bumbanian | MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7 | Early Eocene | 47.8 | |||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | Gashatan | MP 6 | MP 1 - 5 | Late Paleocene | 56 | |||||||
| Selandian | Middle Paleocene | 59.2 | |||||||||||
| Danian | Early Paleocene | 61.6 | |||||||||||
| 66 | |||||||||||||