International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126150 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | European Faunal Units | European Faunal Zones | Cenozoic Subepochs | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | 0 | |||||||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | |||||||
| Chibanian | Middle Pleistocene | 0.129 | ||||||||
| Calabrian | Early Pleistocene | 0.774 | ||||||||
| Gelasian | MN 17 | 1.8 | ||||||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Villanyian | MN 16 | Late Pliocene | 2.58 | ||||
| Ruscinian | 3.1 * | |||||||||
| MN 15 | 3.2 | |||||||||
| Zanclean | Early Pliocene | 3.6 | ||||||||
| MN 14 | 4.2 | |||||||||
| MN 13 | 4.9 | |||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | Turolian | Late Miocene | 5.333 | ||||||
| Tortonian | MN 12 | 7.246 | ||||||||
| MN 11 | 7.75 | |||||||||
| Vallesian | MN 10 | 8.7 | ||||||||
| MN 9 | 9.7 | |||||||||
| MN 7 + 8 | 11.1 | |||||||||
| Serravallian | Astaracian | Middle Miocene | 11.63 | |||||||
| MN 6 | 12.8 * | |||||||||
| Langhian | MN 5 | 13.82 | ||||||||
| Burdigalian | Orleanian | MN 4 | Early Miocene | 15.98 | ||||||
| MN 3 | 16.9 | |||||||||
| Agenian | MN 2 | 20 | ||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
| MN 1 | 22.4 | |||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Late Oligocene | 23.03 | ||||||
| Rupelian | Early Oligocene | 27.82 | ||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | Late Eocene | 33.9 | |||||||
| Bartonian | Middle Eocene | 37.71 | ||||||||
| Lutetian | 41.2 | |||||||||
| Ypresian | Early Eocene | 47.8 | ||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | Late Paleocene | 56 | |||||||
| Selandian | Middle Paleocene | 59.2 | ||||||||
| Danian | Early Paleocene | 61.6 | ||||||||
| 66 | ||||||||||