PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126710 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Central Paratethys Stages	European Faunal Units	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan					0
		Northgrippian					0.0042
		Greenlandian					0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene			Nihewanian	Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Gelasian				Early Pleistocene	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Villanyian	Yushean	Late Pliocene	2.58
		Piacenzian		Ruscinian		Late Pliocene	3.1 *
		Zanclean				Early Pliocene	3.6
		Zanclean			Baodean	Early Pliocene	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian		Turolian		Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian	Pannonian	Turolian			7.246
				Vallesian			8.7
				Vallesian	Tunggurian		11.1
		Serravallian	Sarmatian	Astaracian		Middle Miocene	11.63
		Serravallian	Badenian				12.8 *
		Langhian			Shanwangian		13.82
		Burdigalian		Orleanian	Shanwangian	Early Miocene	15.98
				Orleanian	Xiejiaan		16.9
				Agenian			20
		Aquitanian		Agenian			20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian				Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian				Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene	61.6
							66