International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126151 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | North American Land Mammal Ages | Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand | Cenozoic Subepochs | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Saintaugustinean | Wanganui | Haweran | 0 | ||||||
Santarosean | 0.0004 | |||||||||||
Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||||
Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||||
Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | |||||||||
Rancholabrean | 0.014 | |||||||||||
Chibanian | Middle Pleistocene | 0.129 | ||||||||||
Irvingtonian | 0.21 | |||||||||||
Castlecliffian | 0.34 | |||||||||||
Calabrian | Early Pleistocene | 0.774 | ||||||||||
Blancan | 1.4 | |||||||||||
Nukumaruan | 1.63 | |||||||||||
Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||||||||
Mangapanian | 2.4 | |||||||||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Late Pliocene | 2.58 | ||||||||
Waipipian | 3 | |||||||||||
Zanclean | Early Pliocene | 3.6 | ||||||||||
Opoitian | 3.7 | |||||||||||
Hemphillian | 4.7 | |||||||||||
Miocene | Messinian | Taranaki | Kapitean | Late Miocene | 5.333 | |||||||
Tongaporutuan | 7.2 | |||||||||||
Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||||||||
Clarendonian | 9.4 | |||||||||||
Southland | Waiauan | 11.04 | ||||||||||
Serravallian | Middle Miocene | 11.63 | ||||||||||
Barstovian | 12.5 | |||||||||||
Lillburnian | 13.05 | |||||||||||
Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||||
Clifdenian | 15.1 | |||||||||||
Pareora | Altonian | 15.9 | ||||||||||
Burdigalian | Early Miocene | 15.98 | ||||||||||
Hemingfordian | 16.3 | |||||||||||
Arikareean | 18.5 | |||||||||||
Otaian | 18.7 | |||||||||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||||
Landon | Waitakian | 21.7 | ||||||||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Late Oligocene | 23.03 | ||||||||
Duntroonian | 25.2 | |||||||||||
Whaingaroan | 27.3 | |||||||||||
Rupelian | Early Oligocene | 27.82 | ||||||||||
Whitneyan | 29.5 | |||||||||||
Orellan | 31.8 | |||||||||||
Eocene | Priabonian | Chadronian | Late Eocene | 33.9 | ||||||||
Arnold | Runangan | 34.6 | ||||||||||
Kaiatan | 36.7 | |||||||||||
Duchesnean | 37 | |||||||||||
Bartonian | Middle Eocene | 37.71 | ||||||||||
Bortonian | 39.1 | |||||||||||
Uintan | 39.7 | |||||||||||
Lutetian | 41.2 | |||||||||||
Dannevirke | Porangan | 42.6 | ||||||||||
Heretaungan | 45.7 | |||||||||||
Bridgerian | 46.2 | |||||||||||
Ypresian | Early Eocene | 47.8 | ||||||||||
Mangaorapan | 48.9 | |||||||||||
Wasatchian | 50.5 | |||||||||||
Waipawan | 52 | |||||||||||
Clarkforkian | 54.9 | |||||||||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | Teurian | Late Paleocene | 56 | ||||||||
Tiffanian | 56.2 | |||||||||||
Selandian | Middle Paleocene | 59.2 | ||||||||||
Torrejonian | 60.9 | |||||||||||
Danian | Early Paleocene | 61.6 | ||||||||||
Puercan | 63.8 | |||||||||||
66 |