International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
- F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
- M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126701 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Obsolete Names for ICS Units | Neogene Mammal Ages of China | European Faunal Units | Mammal Paleogene Zones | Cenozoic Subepochs | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | 0 | |||||||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Nihewanian | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||
| Chibanian | Middle Pleistocene | 0.129 | ||||||||
| Calabrian | Early Pleistocene | 0.774 | ||||||||
| Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Tertiary † | Yushean | Villanyian | Late Pliocene | 2.58 | |||
| Ruscinian | 3.1 * | |||||||||
| Zanclean | Early Pliocene | 3.6 | ||||||||
| Baodean | 4.9 | |||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | Turolian | Late Miocene | 5.333 | ||||||
| Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||||||
| Vallesian | 8.7 | |||||||||
| Tunggurian | 11.1 | |||||||||
| Serravallian | Astaracian | Middle Miocene | 11.63 | |||||||
| Langhian | Shanwangian | 13.82 | ||||||||
| Burdigalian | Orleanian | Early Miocene | 15.98 | |||||||
| Xiejiaan | 16.9 | |||||||||
| Agenian | 20 | |||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26 | MP 25 | Late Oligocene | 23.03 | ||||
| Rupelian | MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21 | Early Oligocene | 27.82 | |||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A | Late Eocene | 33.9 | ||||||
| Bartonian | MP 16 | Middle Eocene | 37.71 | |||||||
| Lutetian | MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11 | 41.2 | ||||||||
| Ypresian | MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7 | Early Eocene | 47.8 | |||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | MP 6 | MP 1 - 5 | Late Paleocene | 56 | |||||
| Selandian | Middle Paleocene | 59.2 | ||||||||
| Danian | Early Paleocene | 61.6 | ||||||||
| 66 | ||||||||||