International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
- J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
- J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
- F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 127292 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Mammal Paleogene Zones | Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia | Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand | European Faunal Zones | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Wanganui | Haweran | 0 | |||||||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||||||
| Chibanian | 0.129 | |||||||||||
| Castlecliffian | 0.34 | |||||||||||
| Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||||||||
| Nukumaruan | 1.63 | |||||||||||
| Gelasian | MN 17 | 1.8 | ||||||||||
| Mangapanian | 2.4 | |||||||||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | MN 16 | 2.58 | ||||||||
| Waipipian | 3 | |||||||||||
| MN 15 | 3.2 | |||||||||||
| Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||||||
| Opoitian | 3.7 | |||||||||||
| MN 14 | 4.2 | |||||||||||
| MN 13 | 4.9 | |||||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | Taranaki | Kapitean | 5.333 | ||||||||
| Tongaporutuan | 7.2 | |||||||||||
| Tortonian | MN 12 | 7.246 | ||||||||||
| MN 11 | 7.75 | |||||||||||
| MN 10 | 8.7 | |||||||||||
| MN 9 | 9.7 | |||||||||||
| Southland | Waiauan | 11.04 | ||||||||||
| MN 7 + 8 | 11.1 | |||||||||||
| Serravallian | 11.63 | |||||||||||
| MN 6 | 12.8 * | |||||||||||
| Lillburnian | 13.05 | |||||||||||
| Langhian | MN 5 | 13.82 | ||||||||||
| Clifdenian | 15.1 | |||||||||||
| Pareora | Altonian | 15.9 | ||||||||||
| Burdigalian | MN 4 | 15.98 | ||||||||||
| MN 3 | 16.9 | |||||||||||
| Otaian | 18.7 | |||||||||||
| MN 2 | 20 | |||||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||||
| Landon | Waitakian | 21.7 | ||||||||||
| MN 1 | 22.4 | |||||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26 | MP 25 | Tabenbulakian | Hsandagolian | 23.03 | |||||
| Duntroonian | 25.2 | |||||||||||
| Whaingaroan | 27.3 | |||||||||||
| Rupelian | MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21 | Kekeamuan | 27.82 | |||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A | Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian | 33.9 | ||||||||
| Arnold | Runangan | 34.6 | ||||||||||
| Kaiatan | 36.7 | |||||||||||
| Bartonian | MP 16 | Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan | 37.71 | |||||||||
| Bortonian | 39.1 | |||||||||||
| Lutetian | MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11 | 41.2 | ||||||||||
| Dannevirke | Porangan | 42.6 | ||||||||||
| Heretaungan | 45.7 | |||||||||||
| Ypresian | MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7 | Bumbanian | 47.8 | |||||||||
| Mangaorapan | 48.9 | |||||||||||
| Waipawan | 52 | |||||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | MP 6 | MP 1 - 5 | Gashatan | Teurian | 56 | ||||||
| Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||||
| Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||||
| 66 | ||||||||||||