PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126662 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units	North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Mammal Paleogene Zones
									2.58
									18.5
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Tertiary †	late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian		MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25	23.03
					Monroecreekian				23.1 *
					Geringian				24.7 *
		Rupelian			Geringian		MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21		27.82
		Rupelian					MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21		29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian		Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian			MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A		33.9
		Priabonian					MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A		37
		Bartonian					MP 16		37.71
		Bartonian		Late Uintan/Early Uintan			MP 16		39.7
		Lutetian		Late Uintan/Early Uintan			MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11		41.2
		Lutetian		Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian			MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11		46.2
		Ypresian		Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian			MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7		47.8
				Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean					50.5
						Cf3/Cf2/Cf1			54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Cf3/Cf2/Cf1	MP 6	MP 1 - 5	56
		Thanetian				Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1	MP 6		56.2
		Selandian				Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1			59.2
		Selandian				To3/To2/To1			60.9
		Danian				To3/To2/To1			61.6
		Danian				Pu3/Pu2/Pu1			63.8
									66