International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
- J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Ordovician of North America | Cambrian of North America | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 470 | ||||||||||
| 482 | ||||||||||
| Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | Ibexian | Skullrockian | Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan | 485.4 * | ||||
| Sunwaptan | 487.5 | |||||||||
| Jiangshanian | 489.5 | |||||||||
| Steptoean | 493 * | |||||||||
| Paibian | 494 | |||||||||
| Miaolingian | Guzhangian | Marjumian | Albertian † | 497 | ||||||
| Drumian | 500.5 | |||||||||
| Wuliuan | Topazan | 504.5 | ||||||||
| Delamaran | 506.5 | |||||||||
| Series 2 | Stage 4 | Waucoban † | 509 | |||||||
| Dyeran | 511 * | |||||||||
| Stage 3 | 514 | |||||||||
| Montezuman | 514.8 * | |||||||||
| Begadean | 519.9 * | |||||||||
| Terreneuvian | Stage 2 | 521 | ||||||||
| Fortunian | 529 | |||||||||
| 538.8 | ||||||||||