International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 127243 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Ten Million Year Bins | Permian of the Pamirs | Permian Subages of Germany | Ordovician of Britain | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Cenozoic 6 | 0 | ||||||
Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||
Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||
Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||||
Chibanian | 0.129 | |||||||||
Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||||||
Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | 2.58 | |||||||
Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||||
Miocene | Messinian | 5.333 | ||||||||
Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||||||
Serravallian | Cenozoic 5 | 11.63 | ||||||||
Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||
Burdigalian | 15.98 | |||||||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Cenozoic 4 | 23.03 | ||||||
Rupelian | 27.82 | |||||||||
Eocene | Priabonian | Cenozoic 3 | 33.9 | |||||||
Bartonian | 37.71 | |||||||||
Lutetian | Cenozoic 2 | 41.2 | ||||||||
Ypresian | 47.8 | |||||||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | Cenozoic 1 | 56 | |||||||
Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||
Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||
Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | Cretaceous 8 | 66 | ||||||
Campanian | Cretaceous 7 | 72.1 | ||||||||
Santonian | Cretaceous 6 | 83.6 | ||||||||
Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||||
Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||||
Cenomanian | Cretaceous 5 | 93.9 | ||||||||
Early Cretaceous | Albian | Cretaceous 4 | 100.5 | |||||||
Aptian | Cretaceous 3 | 113 | ||||||||
Barremian | Cretaceous 2 | 121.4 | ||||||||
Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||||||
Valanginian | Cretaceous 1 | 132.6 | ||||||||
Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||||
Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | Jurassic 6 | 145 | ||||||
Kimmeridgian | Jurassic 5 | 149.2 | ||||||||
Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||||
Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||||||
Bathonian | Jurassic 4 | 165.3 | ||||||||
Bajocian | 168.2 | |||||||||
Aalenian | Jurassic 3 | 170.9 | ||||||||
Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | ||||||||
Pliensbachian | Jurassic 2 | 184.2 | ||||||||
Sinemurian | Jurassic 1 | 192.9 | ||||||||
Hettangian | 199.5 | |||||||||
Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | Triassic 4 | 201.4 | ||||||
Norian | 208.5 | |||||||||
Carnian | Triassic 3 | 227 | ||||||||
Middle Triassic | Ladinian | Triassic 2 | 237 | |||||||
Anisian | 242 | |||||||||
Early Triassic | Olenekian | Triassic 1 | 247.2 | |||||||
Induan | 251.2 | |||||||||
Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | Permian 4 | Dorashamian | Buntsandstein | 251.902 | ||||
Wuchiapingian | Dzhulfian | 254.14 | ||||||||
Guadalupian | Capitanian | Midian | Ohre/Aller | 259.51 | ||||||
Wordian | Leine | 264.28 | ||||||||
Murgabian | 266.2 * | |||||||||
Roadian | Permian 3 | 266.9 | ||||||||
Cisuralian | Kungurian | Permian 2 | Kubergandian | 273.01 | ||||||
Bolorian | 279.8 | |||||||||
Artinskian | 283.5 | |||||||||
Yakhtashian | 286 | |||||||||
Sakmarian | Sakmarian | 290.1 | ||||||||
Asselian | Permian 1 | Asselian | 293.52 | |||||||
Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | Carboniferous 5 | 298.9 | ||||||
Kasimovian | 303.7 | |||||||||
Moscovian | Carboniferous 4 | 307 | ||||||||
Bashkirian | 315.2 | |||||||||
Mississippian | Serpukhovian | Carboniferous 3 | 323.2 | |||||||
Visean | Carboniferous 2 | 330.9 | ||||||||
Tournaisian | Carboniferous 1 | 346.7 | ||||||||
Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | Devonian 5 | 358.9 | ||||||
Frasnian | Devonian 4 | 372.2 | ||||||||
Middle Devonian | Givetian | Devonian 3 | 382.7 | |||||||
Eifelian | 387.7 | |||||||||
Early Devonian | Emsian | Devonian 2 | 393.3 | |||||||
Pragian | Devonian 1 | 407.6 | ||||||||
Lochkovian | 410.8 | |||||||||
Silurian | Pridoli | Silurian 2 | 419.2 | |||||||
Ludlow | Ludfordian | 423 | ||||||||
Gorstian | 425.6 | |||||||||
Wenlock | Homerian | 427.4 | ||||||||
Sheinwoodian | 430.5 | |||||||||
Llandovery | Telychian | Silurian 1 | 433.4 | |||||||
Aeronian | 438.5 | |||||||||
Rhuddanian | 440.8 | |||||||||
Ordovician | Late Ordovician | Hirnantian | Ordovician 5 | Ashgill | Hirnantian | 443.8 | ||||
Katian | Rawtheyan | 445.2 | ||||||||
Cautleyan | 448.9 * | |||||||||
Pusgillian | 449.3 * | |||||||||
Caradoc | Streffordian | Onnian † | 449.6 * | |||||||
Cheneyan | 451.5 * | |||||||||
Burrellian | 452.7 * | |||||||||
Sandbian | Ordovician 4 | 453 | ||||||||
Actonian † | 453.2 * | |||||||||
Marshbrookian † | Woolstonian † | 454.2 * | ||||||||
Longvillian † | 455.2 * | |||||||||
Aurelucian | 456.8 * | |||||||||
Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian | 457.4 * | |||||||||
Middle Ordovician | Darriwilian | Ordovician 3 | Llanvirn | Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn | 458.4 | |||||
Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn | 461.3 * | |||||||||
Dapingian | Ordovician 2 | 467.3 | ||||||||
Arenig | Fennian | 468.4 * | ||||||||
Early Ordovician | Floian | 470 | ||||||||
Whitlandian | 471.1 * | |||||||||
Moridunian | 474.3 * | |||||||||
Tremadocian | Ordovician 1 | Tremadoc | Migneintian | 477.7 | ||||||
Cressagian | 480.8 * | |||||||||
485 * | ||||||||||
Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | Cambrian 5 | 485.4 | ||||||
Jiangshanian | 489.5 | |||||||||
Paibian | 494 | |||||||||
Miaolingian | Guzhangian | Cambrian 4 | 497 | |||||||
Drumian | 500.5 | |||||||||
Wuliuan | Cambrian 3 | 504.5 | ||||||||
Series 2 | Stage 4 | 509 | ||||||||
Stage 3 | Cambrian 2 | 514 | ||||||||
Terreneuvian | Stage 2 | 521 | ||||||||
Fortunian | Cambrian 1 | 529 | ||||||||
538.8 |