International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
- B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 127243 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Silurian of the Baltic | Ten Million Year Bins | Silurian of England | Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe | Ordovician of Britain | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Cenozoic 6 | 0 | ||||||||
Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||||
Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||||
Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||||||
Chibanian | 0.129 | |||||||||||
Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||||||||
Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||||||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | 2.58 | |||||||||
Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||||||
Miocene | Messinian | 5.333 | ||||||||||
Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||||||||
Serravallian | Cenozoic 5 | 11.63 | ||||||||||
Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||||
Burdigalian | 15.98 | |||||||||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Cenozoic 4 | 23.03 | ||||||||
Rupelian | 27.82 | |||||||||||
Eocene | Priabonian | Cenozoic 3 | 33.9 | |||||||||
Bartonian | 37.71 | |||||||||||
Lutetian | Cenozoic 2 | 41.2 | ||||||||||
Ypresian | 47.8 | |||||||||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | Cenozoic 1 | 56 | |||||||||
Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||||
Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||||
Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | Cretaceous 8 | 66 | ||||||||
Campanian | Cretaceous 7 | 72.1 | ||||||||||
Santonian | Cretaceous 6 | 83.6 | ||||||||||
Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||||||
Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||||||
Cenomanian | Cretaceous 5 | 93.9 | ||||||||||
Early Cretaceous | Albian | Cretaceous 4 | 100.5 | |||||||||
Aptian | Cretaceous 3 | 113 | ||||||||||
Barremian | Cretaceous 2 | 121.4 | ||||||||||
Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||||||||
Valanginian | Cretaceous 1 | 132.6 | ||||||||||
Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||||||
Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | Jurassic 6 | 145 | ||||||||
Kimmeridgian | Jurassic 5 | 149.2 | ||||||||||
Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||||||
Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||||||||
Bathonian | Jurassic 4 | 165.3 | ||||||||||
Bajocian | 168.2 | |||||||||||
Aalenian | Jurassic 3 | 170.9 | ||||||||||
Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | ||||||||||
Pliensbachian | Jurassic 2 | 184.2 | ||||||||||
Sinemurian | Jurassic 1 | 192.9 | ||||||||||
Hettangian | 199.5 | |||||||||||
Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | Triassic 4 | 201.4 | ||||||||
Norian | 208.5 | |||||||||||
Carnian | Triassic 3 | 227 | ||||||||||
Middle Triassic | Ladinian | Triassic 2 | 237 | |||||||||
Anisian | 242 | |||||||||||
Early Triassic | Olenekian | Triassic 1 | Vokhmian | 247.2 | ||||||||
Induan | 251.2 | |||||||||||
Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | Permian 4 | 251.902 | ||||||||
Wuchiapingian | Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian | 254.14 | ||||||||||
Guadalupian | Capitanian | Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian | 259.51 | |||||||||
Wordian | Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian | 264.28 | ||||||||||
Roadian | Permian 3 | Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian | 266.9 | |||||||||
Cisuralian | Kungurian | Permian 2 | 273.01 | |||||||||
Artinskian | 283.5 | |||||||||||
Sakmarian | 290.1 | |||||||||||
Asselian | Permian 1 | 293.52 | ||||||||||
Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | Carboniferous 5 | 298.9 | ||||||||
Kasimovian | 303.7 | |||||||||||
Moscovian | Carboniferous 4 | 307 | ||||||||||
Bashkirian | 315.2 | |||||||||||
Mississippian | Serpukhovian | Carboniferous 3 | 323.2 | |||||||||
Visean | Carboniferous 2 | 330.9 | ||||||||||
Tournaisian | Carboniferous 1 | 346.7 | ||||||||||
Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | Devonian 5 | 358.9 | ||||||||
Frasnian | Devonian 4 | 372.2 | ||||||||||
Middle Devonian | Givetian | Devonian 3 | 382.7 | |||||||||
Eifelian | 387.7 | |||||||||||
Early Devonian | Emsian | Devonian 2 | 393.3 | |||||||||
Pragian | Devonian 1 | 407.6 | ||||||||||
Lochkovian | 410.8 | |||||||||||
Silurian | Pridoli | Ohesaare | Silurian 2 | Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle | Whitcliffe/Leintwardine | 419.2 | ||||||
Bringewood/Elton | 421.3 | |||||||||||
Kaugetuma | 421.7 * | |||||||||||
Ludlow | Ludfordian | Kuressaare | Coalbrookdale | Wenlock (England)/Tickwood | 423 | |||||||
Paadla | 423.4 * | |||||||||||
Gorstian | 425.6 | |||||||||||
Buildwas | 426.4 * | |||||||||||
Wenlock | Homerian | Rootsikula | 427.4 | |||||||||
Wych | Woolhope | 428.4 * | ||||||||||
Jaagarahu | 429.2 * | |||||||||||
Sheinwoodian | 430.5 | |||||||||||
Jaani | 431.8 * | |||||||||||
Llandovery | Telychian | Silurian 1 | 433.4 | |||||||||
Adavere | 434 * | |||||||||||
436.3 * | ||||||||||||
Aeronian | 438.5 | |||||||||||
Cowleigh Park | 439.3 * | |||||||||||
Raikkula | 439.4 * | |||||||||||
Rhuddanian | 440.8 | |||||||||||
Juuru | 441.4 * | |||||||||||
Ordovician | Late Ordovician | Hirnantian | Ordovician 5 | Ashgill | Hirnantian | 443.8 | ||||||
Katian | Rawtheyan | 445.2 | ||||||||||
Cautleyan | 448.9 * | |||||||||||
Pusgillian | 449.3 * | |||||||||||
Caradoc | Streffordian | Onnian † | 449.6 * | |||||||||
Cheneyan | 451.5 * | |||||||||||
Burrellian | 452.7 * | |||||||||||
Sandbian | Ordovician 4 | 453 | ||||||||||
Actonian † | 453.2 * | |||||||||||
Marshbrookian † | Woolstonian † | 454.2 * | ||||||||||
Longvillian † | 455.2 * | |||||||||||
Aurelucian | 456.8 * | |||||||||||
Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian | 457.4 * | |||||||||||
Middle Ordovician | Darriwilian | Ordovician 3 | Llanvirn | Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn | 458.4 | |||||||
Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn | 461.3 * | |||||||||||
Dapingian | Ordovician 2 | 467.3 | ||||||||||
Arenig | Fennian | 468.4 * | ||||||||||
Early Ordovician | Floian | 470 | ||||||||||
Whitlandian | 471.1 * | |||||||||||
Moridunian | 474.3 * | |||||||||||
Tremadocian | Ordovician 1 | Tremadoc | Migneintian | 477.7 | ||||||||
Cressagian | 480.8 * | |||||||||||
485 * | ||||||||||||
Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | Cambrian 5 | 485.4 | ||||||||
Jiangshanian | 489.5 | |||||||||||
Paibian | 494 | |||||||||||
Miaolingian | Guzhangian | Cambrian 4 | 497 | |||||||||
Drumian | 500.5 | |||||||||||
Wuliuan | Cambrian 3 | 504.5 | ||||||||||
Series 2 | Stage 4 | 509 | ||||||||||
Stage 3 | Cambrian 2 | 514 | ||||||||||
Terreneuvian | Stage 2 | 521 | ||||||||||
Fortunian | Cambrian 1 | 529 | ||||||||||
538.8 |