PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 125993 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale				Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Cretaceous Subepochs	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan					Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian							0.0042
		Greenlandian							0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene							0.0117
		Chibanian							0.129
		Chibanian						Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian						Castlecliffian	0.774
		Calabrian						Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian						Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian						Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian						Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian						Waipipian	3
		Zanclean						Waipipian	3.6
		Zanclean						Opoitian	3.7
	Miocene	Messinian					Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian						Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian						Tongaporutuan	7.246
		Tortonian					Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian						Waiauan	11.63
		Serravallian						Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian						Lillburnian	13.82
								Clifdenian	15.1
							Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian						Altonian	15.98
		Burdigalian						Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian						Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian					Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian		Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian			Waitakian	23.03
								Duntroonian	25.2
								Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian		Kekeamuan					27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian		Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian					33.9
							Arnold	Runangan	34.6
								Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian		Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan				Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian						Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian						Bortonian	41.2
							Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
								Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian			Bumbanian			Heretaungan	47.8
								Mangaorapan	48.9
								Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian		Gashatan				Teurian	56
		Selandian							59.2
		Danian							61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Senonian	Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian						Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian						Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian					Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian							86.3
		Turonian							89.8
								Mangaotanean	90.5
								Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian						Arowhanan	93.9
							Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
								Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Gallic		Motuan	100.5
								Urutawan	103.3
							Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian						Korangan	113
		Aptian							117.5
		Barremian							121.4
		Hauterivian				Neocomian			125.77
		Valanginian							132.6
		Berriasian	139.8
									145