PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126162 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Ten Million Year Bins	European Faunal Units	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan			Cenozoic 6		Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian							0.0042
		Greenlandian							0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene							0.0117
		Chibanian							0.129
		Chibanian						Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian						Castlecliffian	0.774
		Calabrian						Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian						Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian						Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian				Villanyian		Mangapanian	2.58
						Villanyian		Waipipian	3
						Ruscinian			3.1 *
		Zanclean							3.6
		Zanclean						Opoitian	3.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Turolian	Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian						Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian							7.246
						Vallesian			8.7
						Vallesian	Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian			Cenozoic 5	Astaracian		Waiauan	11.63
		Serravallian						Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian						Lillburnian	13.82
								Clifdenian	15.1
							Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian				Orleanian		Altonian	15.98
						Orleanian		Otaian	18.7
						Agenian			20
		Aquitanian							20.44
		Aquitanian					Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian			Cenozoic 4			Waitakian	23.03
								Duntroonian	25.2
								Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian							27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian			Cenozoic 3				33.9
							Arnold	Runangan	34.6
								Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian						Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian						Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian			Cenozoic 2			Bortonian	41.2
							Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
								Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian						Heretaungan	47.8
								Mangaorapan	48.9
								Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian			Cenozoic 1			Teurian	56
		Selandian							59.2
		Danian							61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian			Cretaceous 8		Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian			Cretaceous 7			Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian			Cretaceous 6			Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian					Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian							86.3
		Turonian							89.8
								Mangaotanean	90.5
								Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian			Cretaceous 5			Arowhanan	93.9
							Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
								Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Cretaceous 4			Motuan	100.5
								Urutawan	103.3
							Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian			Cretaceous 3			Korangan	113
		Aptian			Cretaceous 3				117.5
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2	121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2	125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1	132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1	139.8
									145