International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

  • K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
  • W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
  • J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127093 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic TimescaleCenozoic SubepochsTen Million Year BinsObsolete Names for ICS UnitsCretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
0
2.4
NeogenePliocenePiacenzianLate PlioceneCenozoic 6Tertiary †WanganuiMangapanian2.58
Waipipian3
ZancleanEarly Pliocene3.6
Opoitian3.7
MioceneMessinianLate MioceneTaranakiKapitean5.333
Tongaporutuan7.2
Tortonian7.246
SouthlandWaiauan11.04
SerravallianMiddle MioceneCenozoic 511.63
Lillburnian13.05
Langhian13.82
Clifdenian15.1
PareoraAltonian15.9
BurdigalianEarly Miocene15.98
Otaian18.7
Aquitanian20.44
LandonWaitakian21.7
23.03
25.2
34.6
66