International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 127083 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cenozoic Subepochs | Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | ||||||||||
2.4 | ||||||||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Late Pliocene | Wanganui | Mangapanian | 2.58 | ||||
Waipipian | 3 | |||||||||
Zanclean | Early Pliocene | 3.6 | ||||||||
Opoitian | 3.7 | |||||||||
Miocene | Messinian | Late Miocene | Taranaki | Kapitean | 5.333 | |||||
Tongaporutuan | 7.2 | |||||||||
Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||||||
Southland | Waiauan | 11.04 | ||||||||
Serravallian | Middle Miocene | 11.63 | ||||||||
Lillburnian | 13.05 | |||||||||
Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||
Clifdenian | 15.1 | |||||||||
Pareora | Altonian | 15.9 | ||||||||
Burdigalian | Early Miocene | 15.98 | ||||||||
Otaian | 18.7 | |||||||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
Landon | Waitakian | 21.7 | ||||||||
23.03 | ||||||||||
25.2 | ||||||||||
34.6 |