International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

  • K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
  • A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
  • J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127057 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic TimescaleNorth American Land Mammal AgesCretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
0
1.4
2.4
NeogenePliocenePiacenzianBlancanWanganuiMangapanian2.58
Waipipian3
Zanclean3.6
Opoitian3.7
Hemphillian4.7
MioceneMessinianTaranakiKapitean5.333
Tongaporutuan7.2
Tortonian7.246
Clarendonian9.4
SouthlandWaiauan11.04
Serravallian11.63
Barstovian12.5
Lillburnian13.05
Langhian13.82
Clifdenian15.1
PareoraAltonian15.9
Burdigalian15.98
Hemingfordian16.3
Arikareean18.5
Otaian18.7
Aquitanian20.44
LandonWaitakian21.7
23.03
25.2
29.5
34.6