PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126668 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Carboniferous of Western Europe		Permian of the Salt Range	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of the Russian Platform		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian							Tertiary †			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										5.333
		Tortonian										7.246
		Serravallian										11.63
		Langhian										13.82
		Burdigalian										15.98
		Aquitanian										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										33.9
		Bartonian										37.71
		Lutetian										41.2
		Ypresian										47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										66
		Campanian										72.1
		Santonian										83.6
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
		Cenomanian										93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										100.5
		Aptian										113
		Barremian										121.4
		Hauterivian										125.77
		Valanginian										132.6
		Berriasian										139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										145
		Kimmeridgian										149.2
		Oxfordian										154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
		Bathonian										165.3
		Bajocian										168.2
		Aalenian										170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian										174.7
		Pliensbachian										184.2
		Sinemurian										192.9
		Hettangian										199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian										201.4
		Norian										208.5
		Carnian										227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian										237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian										242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian										247.2
		Induan										251.2
		Induan			Kathwai							251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Kathwai	Melekhovian						251.902
												252.4 *
					Chhidru							252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian			Chhidru					Longtanian †		254.14
					Kalabagh							255 *
					Wargal							256 *
							Tatarian	Vyatkian				256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Severodvinian				259.51
		Wordian						Urzhumian				264.28
						Noginskian						264.9 *
												265.3 *
					Amb							266.1 *
		Roadian			Amb		Kazanian	Povolzhian				266.9
		Roadian					Kazanian	Sokian				270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian				273.01
								Filipovian				276.5 *
			Pavlovoposadian	276.8 *				Filipovian
				Saraninian		280.1 *
		Artinskian		Artinskian		Sarginian	283.5
						Irginian	285.9 *
			Rusavkinian			Irginian	287.6 *
						Burtsevian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian		Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian		Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian		Asselian		Shikhanian	293.52
						Uskalykian	294.8
						Surenian	297.5
						Surenian	Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Kuzel	298.9
							Stephanian	Stephanian C			300.3 *
								Stephanian B			300.9 *
								Stephanian A			301.4 *
		Kasimovian	Dorogomilovian								303.7
			Khamovnikian						304.8
			Khamovnikian					Cantabrian	305 *
			Krevyakinian						305.8 *
		Moscovian	Myachkovian						307
			Myachkovian				Westphalian	Westphalian D	307.4 *
			Podolskian					Westphalian D	308.9 *
			Podolskian					Westphalian C	309.8
			Kashirian						311.4 *
			Vereian						313.8
			Vereian					Westphalian B	314.6
			Melekessian						314.8
		Bashkirian	Melekessian						315.2
			Cheremshanian						316.9 *
			Cheremshanian					Westphalian A	317 *
			Prikamian					Westphalian A	318.6 *
			Prikamian				Namurian	Yeadonian	318.8 *
			Severokeltmian					Yeadonian	319.9 *
			Severokeltmian					Marsdenian	320.2 *
			Krasnopolyanian					Marsdenian	321.2 *
			Krasnopolyanian					Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
			Voznesenian					Kinderscoutian	321.9 *
								Alportian	322 *
								Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian					Chokierian	323.2
			Zapaltjubian					Arnsbergian	324 *
			Protvian						324.4 *
			Steshevian						326.8 *
			Steshevian					Pendleian	327.4 *
			Tarusian					Pendleian	329 *
		Visean	Warnantian				Brigantian †	Venevian	330.9
								Mikhailovian	331.9 *
								Aleksinian	333.7 *
								Tulian	335.8 *
			Livian				Asbian †	Tulian	336.3 *
			Livian				Asbian †	Bobrikian	339.9 *
			Moliniacian				Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	Bobrikian	340.2 *
			Moliniacian				Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	Radaevkian	343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Ivorian					Kosvian	346.7
								Kizelian	350.7 *
								Cherepetian	351.9 *
			Hastarian					Cherepetian	353.7 *
								Karakubian	354.4 *
								Upinian	356.3 *
								Malevkian	357.6 *
					Gumerovian			358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		443.8
		Katian		445.2
		Sandbian		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian		467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian		470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		485.4
		Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †		497
		Drumian				500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †		504.5
												509