PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126662 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ordovician of Britain				Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ordovician of the Baltic				Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of the Russian Platform	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan					Wanganui	Haweran								0
		Northgrippian														0.0042
		Greenlandian														0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene														0.0117
		Chibanian														0.129
		Chibanian						Castlecliffian								0.34
		Calabrian						Castlecliffian								0.774
		Calabrian						Nukumaruan								1.63
		Gelasian						Nukumaruan								1.8
		Gelasian						Mangapanian								2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian						Mangapanian							Tertiary †	2.58
		Piacenzian						Waipipian								3
		Zanclean						Waipipian								3.6
		Zanclean						Opoitian								3.7
	Miocene	Messinian					Taranaki	Kapitean								5.333
		Messinian						Tongaporutuan								7.2
		Tortonian						Tongaporutuan								7.246
		Tortonian					Southland	Waiauan								11.04
		Serravallian						Waiauan								11.63
		Serravallian						Lillburnian								13.05
		Langhian						Lillburnian								13.82
								Clifdenian								15.1
							Pareora	Altonian								15.9
		Burdigalian						Altonian								15.98
		Burdigalian						Otaian								18.7
		Aquitanian						Otaian								20.44
		Aquitanian					Landon	Waitakian								21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Waitakian								23.03
								Duntroonian								25.2
								Whaingaroan								27.3
		Rupelian														27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian														33.9
							Arnold	Runangan								34.6
								Kaiatan								36.7
		Bartonian						Kaiatan								37.71
		Bartonian						Bortonian								39.1
		Lutetian						Bortonian								41.2
							Dannevirke	Porangan								42.6
								Heretaungan								45.7
		Ypresian						Heretaungan								47.8
								Mangaorapan								48.9
								Waipawan								52
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Teurian								56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian					Mata	Haumurian								66
		Campanian						Haumurian								72.1
		Santonian						Piripauan								83.6
		Santonian					Raukumara	Teratan								86.1
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
								Mangaotanean								90.5
								Arowhanan								93.7
		Cenomanian						Arowhanan								93.9
							Clarence	Ngaterian								95.2
								Motuan								99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Motuan								100.5
								Urutawan								103.3
							Taitai	Korangan								108.4
		Aptian						Korangan								113
		Aptian														117.5
		Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian														125.77
		Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		145
		Kimmeridgian		149.2
		Oxfordian		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian		168.2
		Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
		Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Melekhovian	251.902
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	Tatarian	Vyatkian		256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Severodvinian				259.51
		Wordian			Urzhumian				264.28
		Wordian		Noginskian	Urzhumian				264.9 *
		Roadian			Kazanian	Povolzhian			266.9
		Roadian			Kazanian	Sokian			270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian			273.01
						Filipovian			276.5 *
				Pavlovoposadian		Filipovian			276.8 *
						Saraninian			280.1 *
		Artinskian			Artinskian	Sarginian			283.5
						Irginian			285.9 *
				Rusavkinian		Irginian			287.6 *
						Burtsevian			287.8 *
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian			290.1
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian	Tastubian			291.7 *
		Asselian			Asselian	Shikhanian			293.52
						Uskalykian			294.8
						Surenian			297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian		Dorogomilovian					303.7
				Khamovnikian					304.8
				Krevyakinian					305.8 *
		Moscovian		Myachkovian					307
				Podolskian					308.9 *
				Kashirian					311.4 *
				Vereian					313.8
				Melekessian					314.8
		Bashkirian		Melekessian					315.2
				Cheremshanian					316.9 *
				Prikamian					318.6 *
				Severokeltmian					319.9 *
				Krasnopolyanian					321.2 *
				Voznesenian					321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Zapaltjubian					323.2
				Protvian					324.4 *
				Steshevian					326.8 *
				Tarusian					329 *
		Visean		Venevian					330.9
				Mikhailovian				331.9 *
				Aleksinian				333.7 *
				Tulian				335.8 *
				Bobrikian				339.9 *
				Radaevkian				343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian	346.7
			Kizelian	350.7 *
			Cherepetian	351.9 *
			Karakubian	354.4 *
			Upinian	356.3 *
			Malevkian	357.6 *
			Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		393.3
		Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Ashgill			Hirnantian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian					Rawtheyan		Pirgu	445.2
							Cautleyan			448.9 *
							Pusgillian			449.3 *
				Caradoc			Streffordian		Onnian †	Vormsi	449.6 *
										Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
								Viru		Rakvere		450.6 *
							Cheneyan			Rakvere		451.5 *
							Cheneyan			Oandu		452 *
							Burrellian			Oandu		452.7 *
		Sandbian								Keila	Idavere †	453
									Actonian †	Keila		453.2 *
									Actonian †	Haljala		453.9
									Marshbrookian †			Woolstonian †	454.2 *
									Longvillian †				455.2 *
										Kukruse			456.4 *
							Aurelucian						456.8 *
					Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian				457.4 *
					Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian				Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn				Uhaku		458.4
									Lasnamagi		458.9 *
									Aseri		460.4 *
					Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn				Aseri		461.3 *
								Oeland	Kunda		462.9 *
									Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
									Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian										467.3
				Arenig	Fennian							468.4 *
									Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian										470
										Latorp †		470.1 *
					Whitlandian							471.1 *
					Whitlandian				Hunneberg			473.7 *
					Moridunian							474.3 *
		Tremadocian		Tremadoc	Migneintian							477.7
					Cressagian							480.8 *
									Varangu			481.3 *
									Pakerort			482.2 *
												485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										485.4
												486.3 *
												486.5
		Jiangshanian										489.5
		Paibian										494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian										Series 3 †	497
		Drumian											500.5
		Wuliuan											Stage 5 †	504.5
																509