PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126662 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ordovician of the Baltic				Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of the Russian Platform	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan					Wanganui	Haweran				0
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian										0.129
		Chibanian						Castlecliffian				0.34
		Calabrian						Castlecliffian				0.774
		Calabrian						Nukumaruan				1.63
		Gelasian						Nukumaruan				1.8
		Gelasian						Mangapanian				2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian						Mangapanian			Tertiary †	2.58
		Piacenzian						Waipipian				3
		Zanclean						Waipipian				3.6
		Zanclean						Opoitian				3.7
	Miocene	Messinian					Taranaki	Kapitean				5.333
		Messinian						Tongaporutuan				7.2
		Tortonian						Tongaporutuan				7.246
		Tortonian					Southland	Waiauan				11.04
		Serravallian						Waiauan				11.63
		Serravallian						Lillburnian				13.05
		Langhian						Lillburnian				13.82
								Clifdenian				15.1
							Pareora	Altonian				15.9
		Burdigalian						Altonian				15.98
		Burdigalian						Otaian				18.7
		Aquitanian						Otaian				20.44
		Aquitanian					Landon	Waitakian				21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Waitakian				23.03
								Duntroonian				25.2
								Whaingaroan				27.3
		Rupelian										27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										33.9
							Arnold	Runangan				34.6
								Kaiatan				36.7
		Bartonian						Kaiatan				37.71
		Bartonian						Bortonian				39.1
		Lutetian						Bortonian				41.2
							Dannevirke	Porangan				42.6
								Heretaungan				45.7
		Ypresian						Heretaungan				47.8
								Mangaorapan				48.9
								Waipawan				52
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Teurian				56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian					Mata	Haumurian				66
		Campanian						Haumurian				72.1
		Santonian						Piripauan				83.6
		Santonian					Raukumara	Teratan				86.1
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
								Mangaotanean				90.5
								Arowhanan				93.7
		Cenomanian						Arowhanan				93.9
							Clarence	Ngaterian				95.2
								Motuan				99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Motuan				100.5
								Urutawan				103.3
							Taitai	Korangan				108.4
		Aptian						Korangan				113
		Aptian										117.5
		Barremian										121.4
		Hauterivian										125.77
		Valanginian										132.6
		Berriasian	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		145
		Kimmeridgian		149.2
		Oxfordian		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian		168.2
		Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
		Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Melekhovian	251.902
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	Tatarian	Vyatkian		256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Severodvinian				259.51
		Wordian			Urzhumian				264.28
		Wordian		Noginskian	Urzhumian				264.9 *
		Roadian			Kazanian	Povolzhian			266.9
		Roadian			Kazanian	Sokian			270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian			273.01
						Filipovian			276.5 *
				Pavlovoposadian		Filipovian			276.8 *
						Saraninian			280.1 *
		Artinskian			Artinskian	Sarginian			283.5
						Irginian			285.9 *
				Rusavkinian		Irginian			287.6 *
						Burtsevian			287.8 *
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian			290.1
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian	Tastubian			291.7 *
		Asselian			Asselian	Shikhanian			293.52
						Uskalykian			294.8
						Surenian			297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian		Dorogomilovian					303.7
				Khamovnikian					304.8
				Krevyakinian					305.8 *
		Moscovian		Myachkovian					307
				Podolskian					308.9 *
				Kashirian					311.4 *
				Vereian					313.8
				Melekessian					314.8
		Bashkirian		Melekessian					315.2
				Cheremshanian					316.9 *
				Prikamian					318.6 *
				Severokeltmian					319.9 *
				Krasnopolyanian					321.2 *
				Voznesenian					321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Zapaltjubian					323.2
				Protvian					324.4 *
				Steshevian					326.8 *
				Tarusian					329 *
		Visean		Venevian					330.9
				Mikhailovian				331.9 *
				Aleksinian				333.7 *
				Tulian				335.8 *
				Bobrikian				339.9 *
				Radaevkian				343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian	346.7
			Kizelian	350.7 *
			Cherepetian	351.9 *
			Karakubian	354.4 *
			Upinian	356.3 *
			Malevkian	357.6 *
			Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		393.3
		Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Harju			Porkuni	443.8
		Katian					Pirgu	445.2
							Vormsi	449.6 *
							Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
				Viru			Rakvere		450.6 *
							Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian					Keila	Idavere †	453
							Haljala		453.9
							Kukruse		456.4 *
							Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Uhaku		458.4
							Lasnamagi		458.9 *
							Aseri		460.4 *
				Oeland			Kunda		462.9 *
							Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
							Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian					Volkhov			467.3
		Dapingian			Billingen	469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian				470
						Latorp †		470.1 *
					Hunneberg			473.7 *
		Tremadocian			Hunneberg			477.7
					Varangu			481.3 *
					Pakerort			482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Pakerort			485.4
								486.3 *
								486.5
		Jiangshanian						489.5
		Paibian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †	497
		Drumian							500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †	504.5
												509