PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126689 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian of China		Cambrian of North America		Permian of the Pamirs	Ordovician of the Baltic				Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of the Russian Platform		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian													Tertiary †		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean															3.6
	Miocene	Messinian															5.333
		Tortonian															7.246
		Serravallian															11.63
		Langhian															13.82
		Burdigalian															15.98
		Aquitanian															20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian															23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian															27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian															33.9
		Bartonian															37.71
		Lutetian															41.2
		Ypresian															47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian															56
		Selandian															59.2
		Danian															61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															66
		Campanian															72.1
		Santonian															83.6
		Coniacian															86.3
		Turonian															89.8
		Cenomanian															93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian															100.5
		Aptian															113
		Barremian															121.4
		Hauterivian															125.77
		Valanginian															132.6
		Berriasian															139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian															145
		Kimmeridgian															149.2
		Oxfordian															154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
		Bathonian															165.3
		Bajocian															168.2
		Aalenian															170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian															174.7
		Pliensbachian															184.2
		Sinemurian															192.9
		Hettangian															199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian															201.4
		Norian															208.5
		Carnian															227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian															237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian															242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian															247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan															251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Dorashamian					Melekhovian					251.902
		Wuchiapingian					Dzhulfian									Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian					Dzhulfian						Tatarian	Vyatkian		Longtanian †	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Midian							Severodvinian			259.51
		Wordian												Urzhumian			264.28
												Noginskian					264.9 *
							Murgabian										266.2 *
		Roadian											Kazanian	Povolzhian			266.9
		Roadian											Kazanian	Sokian			270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Kubergandian						Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian			273.01
														Filipovian			276.5 *
												Pavlovoposadian					276.8 *
							Bolorian										279.8
														Saraninian			280.1 *
		Artinskian											Artinskian	Sarginian			283.5
														Irginian			285.9 *
							Yakhtashian										286
			Rusavkinian	287.6 *
				Burtsevian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian		Asselian	Asselian	Shikhanian	293.52
						Uskalykian	294.8
						Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
		Kasimovian	Dorogomilovian				303.7
			Khamovnikian				304.8
			Krevyakinian				305.8 *
		Moscovian	Myachkovian				307
			Podolskian				308.9 *
			Kashirian				311.4 *
			Vereian				313.8
			Melekessian				314.8
		Bashkirian	Melekessian				315.2
			Cheremshanian				316.9 *
			Prikamian				318.6 *
			Severokeltmian				319.9 *
			Krasnopolyanian				321.2 *
			Voznesenian				321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian				323.2
			Protvian				324.4 *
			Steshevian				326.8 *
			Tarusian				329 *
		Visean	Venevian				330.9
			Mikhailovian				331.9 *
			Aleksinian				333.7 *
			Tulian				335.8 *
			Bobrikian				339.9 *
			Radaevkian				343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian				346.7
			Kizelian				350.7 *
			Cherepetian				351.9 *
			Karakubian				354.4 *
			Upinian				356.3 *
			Malevkian				357.6 *
			Gumerovian				358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian						Pirgu	445.2
								Vormsi	449.6 *
								Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
							Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
								Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian						Keila	Idavere †	453
								Haljala		453.9
								Kukruse		456.4 *
								Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Uhaku		458.4
								Lasnamagi		458.9 *
								Aseri		460.4 *
							Oeland	Kunda		462.9 *
								Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
								Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian						Volkhov			467.3
		Dapingian		Billingen	469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			470
					Latorp †			470.1 *
				Hunneberg				473.7 *
		Tremadocian		Hunneberg				477.7
				Varangu				481.3 *
				Pakerort				482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Pakerort	Niuchehean			Taoyuanian †	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan		485.4
											486.3 *
											486.5
											Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian			Jiangshanian						Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian			Jiangshanian						Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian			Paibian							494
		Paibian			Paibian			Waergangian †/Youshuanian				494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Guzhangian			Wangcunian †	Marjumian		Albertian †	Series 3 †	497
		Drumian			Drumian			Wangcunian †	Marjumian				500.5
		Wuliuan			Wuliuan/Taijangian				Topazan				Stage 5 †	504.5
		Wuliuan			Wuliuan/Taijangian				Delamaran				Stage 5 †	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4			Duyunian				Delamaran		Waucoban †			509
		Stage 4			Duyunian				Dyeran					511 *
		Stage 3			Nangaoian				Dyeran					514
									Montezuman					514.8 *
									Begadean					519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Meishucunian									521
		Fortunian			Meishucunian									529
		Fortunian			Jinnigian									530.7
																	538.8