PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126662 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Permian of the Pamirs	Ordovician of the Baltic			Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of the Russian Platform		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian											Tertiary †		2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean													3.6
			Miocene	Messinian													5.333
				Tortonian													7.246
				Serravallian													11.63
				Langhian													13.82
				Burdigalian													15.98
				Aquitanian													20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian													23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian													27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian													33.9
				Bartonian													37.71
				Lutetian													41.2
				Ypresian													47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian													56
				Selandian													59.2
				Danian													61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													66
				Campanian													72.1
				Santonian													83.6
				Coniacian													86.3
				Turonian													89.8
				Cenomanian													93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian													100.5
				Aptian													113
				Barremian													121.4
				Hauterivian													125.77
				Valanginian													132.6
				Berriasian													139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian													145
				Kimmeridgian													149.2
				Oxfordian													154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian													161.5
				Bathonian													165.3
				Bajocian													168.2
				Aalenian													170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian													174.7
				Pliensbachian													184.2
				Sinemurian													192.9
				Hettangian													199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian													201.4
				Norian													208.5
				Carnian													227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian													237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian													242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian													247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan													251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Dorashamian				Melekhovian					251.902
				Wuchiapingian				Dzhulfian								Longtanian †	254.14
				Wuchiapingian				Dzhulfian					Tatarian	Vyatkian		Longtanian †	256.8 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian				Midian						Severodvinian			259.51
				Wordian										Urzhumian			264.28
												Noginskian					264.9 *
								Murgabian									266.2 *
				Roadian									Kazanian	Povolzhian			266.9
				Roadian									Kazanian	Sokian			270.7 *
			Cisuralian	Kungurian				Kubergandian					Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian			273.01
														Filipovian			276.5 *
												Pavlovoposadian					276.8 *
								Bolorian									279.8
														Saraninian			280.1 *
				Artinskian									Artinskian	Sarginian			283.5
														Irginian			285.9 *
								Yakhtashian									286
Rusavkinian					287.6 *
					Burtsevian	287.8 *
				Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	290.1
				Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Tastubian	291.7 *
				Asselian	Asselian	Asselian	Shikhanian	293.52
							Uskalykian	294.8
							Surenian	297.5
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
Kasimovian				Dorogomilovian				303.7
				Khamovnikian				304.8
				Krevyakinian				305.8 *
Moscovian				Myachkovian				307
				Podolskian				308.9 *
				Kashirian				311.4 *
				Vereian				313.8
				Melekessian				314.8
Bashkirian				Melekessian				315.2
				Cheremshanian				316.9 *
				Prikamian				318.6 *
				Severokeltmian				319.9 *
				Krasnopolyanian				321.2 *
				Voznesenian				321.9 *
Mississippian			Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian				323.2
				Protvian				324.4 *
				Steshevian				326.8 *
				Tarusian				329 *
			Visean	Venevian				330.9
				Mikhailovian				331.9 *
				Aleksinian				333.7 *
				Tulian				335.8 *
				Bobrikian				339.9 *
				Radaevkian				343.4 *
			Tournaisian	Kosvian				346.7
				Kizelian				350.7 *
				Cherepetian				351.9 *
				Karakubian				354.4 *
				Upinian				356.3 *
				Malevkian				357.6 *
				Gumerovian				358 *
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
			Pragian					407.6
			Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian		Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju					Porkuni	443.8
		Katian						Pirgu	445.2
								Vormsi	449.6 *
								Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
			Viru					Rakvere		450.6 *
								Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian						Keila	Idavere †	453
								Haljala		453.9
								Kukruse		456.4 *
								Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Uhaku		458.4
								Lasnamagi		458.9 *
								Aseri		460.4 *
			Oeland					Kunda		462.9 *
								Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
								Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian						Volkhov			467.3
		Dapingian			Billingen	469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian				470
						Latorp †		470.1 *
					Hunneberg			473.7 *
		Tremadocian			Hunneberg			Ungurian	477.7
					Varangu				481.3 *
					Pakerort				482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Pakerort	Batyrbaian			485.4
									486.3 *
									486.5
		Jiangshanian							489.5
						Aksaian			490.7 *
						Sakian			492.2 *
		Paibian				Sakian			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Ayusokkanian			Series 3 †	497
		Guzhangian								499.5
		Drumian				Zhanaarykian				500.5
		Drumian				Tuesaian				503
		Wuliuan				Tuesaian				Stage 5 †	504.5
		Wuliuan								Stage 5 †	505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4									509
						Toyonian					510 *
						Botomian					512.5 *
		Stage 3				Botomian					514
		Stage 3				Atdabanian					515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				Tommotian					521
		Stage 2									525.5
		Fortunian									529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian †	Poundian †	538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian †	Wonokan †	571.7 *
																	635