PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126691 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian of Britain		Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Ordovician of Britain			Cambrian Epochs	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian												Tertiary †			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean															3.6
	Miocene	Messinian															5.333
		Tortonian															7.246
		Serravallian															11.63
		Langhian															13.82
		Burdigalian															15.98
		Aquitanian															20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian															23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian															27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian															33.9
		Bartonian															37.71
		Lutetian															41.2
		Ypresian															47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian															56
		Selandian															59.2
		Danian															61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															66
		Campanian															72.1
		Santonian															83.6
		Coniacian															86.3
		Turonian															89.8
		Cenomanian															93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian															100.5
		Aptian															113
		Barremian															121.4
		Hauterivian															125.77
		Valanginian															132.6
		Berriasian															139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian															145
		Kimmeridgian															149.2
		Oxfordian															154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
		Bathonian															165.3
		Bajocian															168.2
		Aalenian															170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian															174.7
		Pliensbachian															184.2
		Sinemurian															192.9
		Hettangian															199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian															201.4
		Norian															208.5
		Carnian															227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian															237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian															242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian															247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan															251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian							Melekhovian								251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian													Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian															259.51
		Wordian															264.28
		Wordian							Noginskian								264.9 *
		Roadian															266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian															273.01
		Kungurian							Pavlovoposadian								276.8 *
		Artinskian							Pavlovoposadian								283.5
		Artinskian							Rusavkinian								287.6 *
		Sakmarian															290.1
		Asselian															293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian															298.9
		Kasimovian							Dorogomilovian								303.7
									Khamovnikian								304.8
									Krevyakinian								305.8 *
		Moscovian							Myachkovian								307
			Podolskian	308.9 *
			Kashirian	311.4 *
			Vereian	313.8
			Melekessian	314.8
		Bashkirian	Melekessian	315.2
			Cheremshanian	316.9 *
			Prikamian	318.6 *
			Severokeltmian	319.9 *
			Krasnopolyanian	321.2 *
			Voznesenian	321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian	323.2
			Protvian	324.4 *
			Steshevian	326.8 *
			Tarusian	329 *
		Visean	Venevian	330.9
			Mikhailovian	331.9 *
			Aleksinian	333.7 *
			Tulian	335.8 *
			Bobrikian	339.9 *
			Radaevkian	343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian	346.7
			Kizelian	350.7 *
			Cherepetian	351.9 *
			Karakubian	354.4 *
			Upinian	356.3 *
			Malevkian	357.6 *
			Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		393.3
		Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Kosovian	Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian		Kralodvorian		Bohdalec †	Rawtheyan	445.2
							Cautleyan	448.9 *
							Pusgillian	449.3 *
					Caradoc		Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
				Berounian			Streffordian		449.7 *
							Cheneyan		451.5 *
							Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian							453
								Actonian †	453.2 *
								Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
								Longvillian †		455.2 *
										Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
							Aurelucian					456.8 *
								Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian				457.4 *
						Liben †		Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian				458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Llanvirn		Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn					458.4
				Dobrotivian								458.5 *
				Oretanian								459.7 *
							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn					461.3 *
						Sarka †						461.7 *
		Dapingian				Klabava †						467.3
				Arenigian								468
					Arenig		Fennian					468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Fennian					470
							Whitlandian					471.1 *
							Moridunian					474.3 *
		Tremadocian		Tremadocian		Tremadoc	Migneintian					477.7
						Tremadoc	Cressagian					480.8 *
												485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Merioneth								Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Late Cambrian	485.4
		Stage 10										Festiniogian		489.2 *
		Jiangshanian										Festiniogian		489.5
		Jiangshanian										Maentwrogian		493.1 *
		Paibian										Maentwrogian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		St Davids									Middle Cambrian	Series 3 †	497
		Drumian													500.5
		Wuliuan													Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4		Caerfai									Early Cambrian			509
	Series 2	Stage 3														514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2														521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian														529
																	538.8