PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126691 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Precambrian of Russia	Silurian Ages of Europe	Permian of the Salt Range	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Wanganui	Haweran					0
				Northgrippian							0.0042
				Greenlandian							0.0082
			Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene							0.0117
				Chibanian							0.129
				Chibanian		Castlecliffian					0.34
				Calabrian		Castlecliffian					0.774
				Calabrian		Nukumaruan					1.63
				Gelasian		Nukumaruan					1.8
				Gelasian		Mangapanian					2.4
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Mangapanian				Tertiary †	2.58
				Piacenzian		Waipipian					3
				Zanclean		Waipipian					3.6
				Zanclean		Opoitian					3.7
			Miocene	Messinian	Taranaki	Kapitean					5.333
				Messinian		Tongaporutuan					7.2
				Tortonian		Tongaporutuan					7.246
				Tortonian	Southland	Waiauan					11.04
				Serravallian		Waiauan					11.63
				Serravallian		Lillburnian					13.05
				Langhian		Lillburnian					13.82
						Clifdenian					15.1
					Pareora	Altonian					15.9
				Burdigalian		Altonian					15.98
				Burdigalian		Otaian					18.7
				Aquitanian		Otaian					20.44
				Aquitanian	Landon	Waitakian					21.7
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian		Waitakian					23.03
						Duntroonian					25.2
						Whaingaroan					27.3
				Rupelian							27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian							33.9
					Arnold	Runangan					34.6
						Kaiatan					36.7
				Bartonian		Kaiatan					37.71
				Bartonian		Bortonian					39.1
				Lutetian		Bortonian					41.2
					Dannevirke	Porangan					42.6
						Heretaungan					45.7
				Ypresian		Heretaungan					47.8
						Mangaorapan					48.9
						Waipawan					52
			Paleocene	Thanetian		Teurian					56
				Selandian							59.2
				Danian							61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Mata	Haumurian					66
				Campanian		Haumurian					72.1
				Santonian		Piripauan					83.6
				Santonian	Raukumara	Teratan					86.1
				Coniacian							86.3
				Turonian							89.8
						Mangaotanean					90.5
						Arowhanan					93.7
				Cenomanian		Arowhanan					93.9
					Clarence	Ngaterian					95.2
						Motuan					99.5
			Early Cretaceous	Albian		Motuan					100.5
						Urutawan					103.3
					Taitai	Korangan					108.4
				Aptian		Korangan					113
				Aptian							117.5
				Barremian							121.4
				Hauterivian							125.77
				Valanginian							132.6
Berriasian				139.8
Jurassic		Late Jurassic	Tithonian		145
			Kimmeridgian		149.2
			Oxfordian		154.8
		Middle Jurassic	Callovian		161.5
			Bathonian		165.3
			Bajocian		168.2
			Aalenian		170.9
		Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
			Pliensbachian		184.2
			Sinemurian		192.9
			Hettangian		199.5
Triassic		Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
			Norian		208.5
			Carnian		227
		Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
		Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
		Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
			Induan		251.2
			Induan		Kathwai		251.5 *
Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Kathwai		251.902
							252.4 *
					Chhidru		252.9 *
			Wuchiapingian		Chhidru		Longtanian †	254.14
					Kalabagh			255 *
					Wargal			256 *
		Guadalupian	Capitanian					259.51
			Wordian					264.28
								265.3 *
					Amb			266.1 *
			Roadian		Amb			266.9
			Roadian					270.7 *
		Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
			Artinskian					283.5
			Sakmarian					290.1
			Asselian					293.52
	Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
			Kasimovian					303.7
			Moscovian					307
			Bashkirian					315.2
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
			Visean					330.9
			Tournaisian					346.7
	Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
			Pragian					407.6
			Lochkovian					410.8
	Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
		Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian					Gleedonian	427.4
			Homerian					Whitwellian	429.7 *
			Sheinwoodian						430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
			Aeronian						438.5
			Rhuddanian						440.8
	Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						443.8
			Katian			445.2
			Sandbian			453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			458.4
		Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian			470
		Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
	Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Late Cambrian		485.4
			Jiangshanian			489.5
			Paibian			494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Middle Cambrian		Series 3 †			497
			Drumian						500.5
			Wuliuan				Stage 5 †		504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4	Early Cambrian					509
		Series 2	Stage 3						514
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2						521
		Terreneuvian	Fortunian						529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran							Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian								635
		Tonian								720
		Tonian							Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian							Karatau	1000
		Stenian							Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian							Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian							Burzyan	1375
											1400