PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126662 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ordovician of the Baltic				Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan			Wanganui	Haweran							0
		Northgrippian											0.0042
		Greenlandian											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											0.0117
		Chibanian											0.129
		Chibanian				Castlecliffian							0.34
		Calabrian				Castlecliffian							0.774
		Calabrian				Nukumaruan							1.63
		Gelasian				Nukumaruan							1.8
		Gelasian				Mangapanian							2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian				Mangapanian						Tertiary †	2.58
		Piacenzian				Waipipian							3
		Zanclean				Waipipian							3.6
		Zanclean				Opoitian							3.7
	Miocene	Messinian			Taranaki	Kapitean							5.333
		Messinian				Tongaporutuan							7.2
		Tortonian				Tongaporutuan							7.246
		Tortonian			Southland	Waiauan							11.04
		Serravallian				Waiauan							11.63
		Serravallian				Lillburnian							13.05
		Langhian				Lillburnian							13.82
						Clifdenian							15.1
					Pareora	Altonian							15.9
		Burdigalian				Altonian							15.98
		Burdigalian				Otaian							18.7
		Aquitanian				Otaian							20.44
		Aquitanian			Landon	Waitakian							21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Waitakian							23.03
						Duntroonian							25.2
						Whaingaroan							27.3
		Rupelian											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
					Arnold	Runangan							34.6
						Kaiatan							36.7
		Bartonian				Kaiatan							37.71
		Bartonian				Bortonian							39.1
		Lutetian				Bortonian							41.2
					Dannevirke	Porangan							42.6
						Heretaungan							45.7
		Ypresian				Heretaungan							47.8
						Mangaorapan							48.9
						Waipawan							52
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Teurian							56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian			Mata	Haumurian							66
		Campanian				Haumurian							72.1
		Santonian				Piripauan							83.6
		Santonian			Raukumara	Teratan							86.1
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
						Mangaotanean							90.5
						Arowhanan							93.7
		Cenomanian				Arowhanan							93.9
					Clarence	Ngaterian							95.2
						Motuan							99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Motuan							100.5
						Urutawan							103.3
					Taitai	Korangan							108.4
		Aptian				Korangan							113
		Aptian											117.5
		Barremian											121.4
		Hauterivian											125.77
		Valanginian											132.6
		Berriasian	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Oteke	Puaroan			145
		Kimmeridgian	Oteke	Puaroan			149.2
			Kawhia	Ohauan			150
				Heterian			154.5
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Callovian		Temaikan			164.3
		Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					168.2
		Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					174.7
		Toarcian	Herangi	Ururoan			176
		Pliensbachian		Ururoan			184.2
		Pliensbachian		Aratauran			188.9
		Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Balfour	Otapirian			201.4
		Norian		Warepan			208.5
				Otamitan			217
				Oretian			221
		Carnian		Oretian			227
		Carnian	Gore	Kaihikuan			227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Kaihikuan			237
		Ladinian		Etalian			238
		Anisian		Etalian			242
		Anisian		Malakovian			246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Malakovian			247.2
		Olenekian		Nelsonian			249
		Induan		Nelsonian			251.2
		Induan	DUrville	Makarewan			251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Makarewan			Melekhovian	251.902
		Changhsingian		Waiitian				253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Waiitian				Longtanian †	254.14
				Puruhauan					254.2
				Puruhauan					Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Aparima	Flettian				Severodvinian			259.51
		Wordian						Urzhumian			264.28
							Noginskian				264.9 *
				Barettian							266
		Roadian						Kazanian	Povolzhian		266.9
		Roadian						Kazanian	Sokian		270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian		273.01
				Mangapirian					Irenian/Ufimian		276
									Filipovian		276.5 *
							Pavlovoposadian		Filipovian		276.8 *
									Saraninian		280.1 *
		Artinskian						Artinskian	Sarginian		283.5
				Telfordian					Sarginian		285
									Irginian		285.9 *
							Rusavkinian		Irginian		287.6 *
									Burtsevian		287.8 *
									Burtsevian		288.5
		Sakmarian						Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian		290.1
		Sakmarian						Sakmarian	Tastubian		291.7 *
		Asselian						Asselian	Shikhanian		293.52
									Uskalykian		294.8
									Surenian		297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									298.9
		Kasimovian					Dorogomilovian				303.7
						Khamovnikian	304.8
						Krevyakinian	305.8 *
		Moscovian				Myachkovian	307
						Podolskian	308.9 *
						Kashirian	311.4 *
					Vereian	313.8
					Melekessian	314.8
		Bashkirian			Melekessian	315.2
					Cheremshanian	316.9 *
					Prikamian	318.6 *
					Severokeltmian	319.9 *
					Krasnopolyanian	321.2 *
					Voznesenian	321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Zapaltjubian	323.2
					Protvian	324.4 *
					Steshevian	326.8 *
					Tarusian	329 *
		Visean			Venevian	330.9
					Mikhailovian	331.9 *
					Aleksinian	333.7 *
					Tulian	335.8 *
					Bobrikian	339.9 *
					Radaevkian	343.4 *
		Tournaisian			Kosvian	346.7
					Kizelian	350.7 *
					Cherepetian	351.9 *
					Karakubian	354.4 *
					Upinian	356.3 *
					Malevkian	357.6 *
					Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Harju	Porkuni			443.8
		Katian					Pirgu			445.2
							Vormsi			449.6 *
							Nabala			Johvi †	450 *
						Viru	Rakvere				450.6 *
							Oandu				452 *
		Sandbian					Keila			Idavere †	453
							Haljala				453.9
							Kukruse				456.4 *
							Uhaku			Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Uhaku				458.4
			Lasnamagi	458.9 *
			Aseri	460.4 *
			Oeland	Kunda		462.9 *
				Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
				Volkhov			Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka			467.1 *
		Dapingian		Volkhov						467.3
		Dapingian		Billingen				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						470
						Latorp †		470.1 *
				Hunneberg				473.7 *
		Tremadocian		Hunneberg				477.7
				Varangu				481.3 *
				Pakerort				482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Pakerort				485.4
								486.3 *
								486.5
		Jiangshanian						489.5
		Paibian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †	497
		Drumian							500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †	504.5
													509