PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126691 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Silurian of the Baltic	Carboniferous of Western Europe		Silurian Ages of Europe	Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of the Russian Platform		Cambrian Epochs
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian					Tertiary †						2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											5.333
		Tortonian											7.246
		Serravallian											11.63
		Langhian											13.82
		Burdigalian											15.98
		Aquitanian											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
		Bartonian											37.71
		Lutetian											41.2
		Ypresian											47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian											56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											66
		Campanian											72.1
		Santonian											83.6
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
		Cenomanian											93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian											100.5
		Aptian											113
		Barremian											121.4
		Hauterivian											125.77
		Valanginian											132.6
		Berriasian											139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian											145
		Kimmeridgian											149.2
		Oxfordian											154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
		Bathonian											165.3
		Bajocian											168.2
		Aalenian											170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian											174.7
		Pliensbachian											184.2
		Sinemurian											192.9
		Hettangian											199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian											201.4
		Norian											208.5
		Carnian											227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian											237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian											242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian											247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan											251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian											251.902
		Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †					254.14
		Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †		Tatarian	Vyatkian		256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									Severodvinian		259.51
		Wordian									Urzhumian		264.28
		Roadian								Kazanian	Povolzhian		266.9
		Roadian								Kazanian	Sokian		270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian		273.01
											Filipovian		276.5 *
											Saraninian		280.1 *
		Artinskian								Artinskian	Sarginian		283.5
											Irginian		285.9 *
											Burtsevian		287.8 *
		Sakmarian								Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian		290.1
		Sakmarian								Sakmarian	Tastubian		291.7 *
		Asselian								Asselian	Shikhanian		293.52
											Uskalykian		294.8
			Surenian	297.5
			Surenian	Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Kuzel		298.9
				Stephanian		Stephanian C			300.3 *
						Stephanian B			300.9 *
						Stephanian A			301.4 *
		Kasimovian				Stephanian A			303.7
		Kasimovian				Cantabrian			305 *
		Moscovian				Cantabrian			307
				Westphalian		Westphalian D			307.4 *
						Westphalian C			309.8
						Westphalian B			314.6
		Bashkirian				Westphalian B			315.2
						Westphalian A			317 *
				Namurian		Yeadonian			318.8 *
						Marsdenian			320.2 *
						Kinderscoutian			321.5 *
						Alportian	322 *
						Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Chokierian	323.2
						Arnsbergian	324 *
						Pendleian	327.4 *
		Visean		Warnantian		Brigantian †	330.9
				Livian		Asbian †	336.3 *
				Moliniacian		Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
		Tournaisian		Ivorian			346.7
		Tournaisian		Hastarian			353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						Ohesaare		419.2
	Pridoli						Kaugetuma		421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					Kuressaare		423
		Ludfordian					Paadla		423.4 *
		Gorstian					Paadla		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Rootsikula		Gleedonian	427.4
							Jaagarahu		Gleedonian	429.2 *
									Whitwellian	429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian								430.5
		Sheinwoodian					Jaani			431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian					Jaani			433.4
		Telychian					Adavere			434 *
		Aeronian					Adavere			438.5
		Aeronian					Raikkula			439.4 *
		Rhuddanian					Raikkula			440.8
		Rhuddanian					Juuru			441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						443.8
		Katian						445.2
		Sandbian						453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian						467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian						470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian						477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Late Cambrian		485.4
		Jiangshanian								489.5
		Paibian								494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †		Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian									500.5
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4									Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3										514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2										521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	529
													538.8