PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126699 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian of China		Devonian of Germany	Ten Million Year Bins	Cretaceous Subepochs	Permian of the Russian Platform		Devonian of France	Cambrian of Britain		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Cenozoic 6									0
		Northgrippian													0.0042
		Greenlandian													0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene													0.0117
		Chibanian													0.129
		Calabrian													0.774
		Gelasian													1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian											Tertiary †		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean													3.6
	Miocene	Messinian													5.333
		Tortonian													7.246
		Serravallian				Cenozoic 5									11.63
		Langhian													13.82
		Burdigalian													15.98
		Aquitanian													20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Cenozoic 4									23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Cenozoic 4									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Cenozoic 3									33.9
		Bartonian				Cenozoic 3									37.71
		Lutetian				Cenozoic 2									41.2
		Ypresian				Cenozoic 2									47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Cenozoic 1									56
		Selandian													59.2
		Danian													61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Cretaceous 8	Senonian								66
		Campanian				Cretaceous 7									72.1
		Santonian				Cretaceous 6									83.6
		Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian													89.8
		Cenomanian				Cretaceous 5									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Cretaceous 4	Gallic								100.5
		Aptian				Cretaceous 3									113
		Barremian				Cretaceous 2									121.4
		Hauterivian				Cretaceous 2	Neocomian								125.77
		Valanginian				Cretaceous 1									132.6
		Berriasian				Cretaceous 1									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Jurassic 6									145
		Kimmeridgian				Jurassic 5									149.2
		Oxfordian													154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian													161.5
		Bathonian				Jurassic 4									165.3
		Bajocian				Jurassic 4									168.2
		Aalenian				Jurassic 3									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Jurassic 3									174.7
		Pliensbachian				Jurassic 2									184.2
		Sinemurian				Jurassic 1									192.9
		Hettangian				Jurassic 1									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Triassic 4									201.4
		Norian				Triassic 4									208.5
		Carnian				Triassic 3									227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Triassic 2									237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian				Triassic 2									242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Triassic 1									247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan				Triassic 1									251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Permian 4									251.902
		Wuchiapingian												Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian						Tatarian	Vyatkian					Longtanian †	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Severodvinian						259.51
		Wordian							Urzhumian						264.28
		Roadian				Permian 3		Kazanian	Povolzhian						266.9
		Roadian				Permian 3		Kazanian	Sokian						270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Permian 2		Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian						273.01
									Filipovian						276.5 *
									Saraninian						280.1 *
		Artinskian	Artinskian	Sarginian	283.5
				Irginian	285.9 *
				Burtsevian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian	Permian 1	Asselian	Shikhanian	293.52
					Uskalykian	294.8
					Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5			298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5			303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4			307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3			323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2			330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden			Devonian 5		Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Adorf			Devonian 4		Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian			Devonian 3		Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Eifelian			Devonian 3		Couvinien	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Emsian			Devonian 2			393.3
		Pragian	Siegen			Devonian 1			407.6
		Pragian	Siegen					Coblencien	408.2 *
		Lochkovian	Gedinnine					Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Silurian 2			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				Silurian 1			433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Ordovician 5			443.8
		Katian				Ordovician 5			445.2
		Sandbian				Ordovician 4			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Ordovician 3			458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				Ordovician 2			467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Ordovician 2	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian				Ordovician 1	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †		Cambrian 5	Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
		Stage 10				Niuchehean					Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian				Jiangshanian					Festiniogian	489.5
		Jiangshanian				Jiangshanian					Maentwrogian	493.1 *
		Paibian				Paibian						494
		Paibian				Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian					494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Guzhangian	Wangcunian †		Cambrian 4	St Davids		Series 3 †	497
		Drumian				Drumian	Wangcunian †		Cambrian 4				500.5
		Wuliuan				Wuliuan/Taijangian			Cambrian 3				Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Duyunian			Cambrian 3	Caerfai				509
	Series 2	Stage 3				Nangaoian			Cambrian 2					514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				Meishucunian			Cambrian 2					521
		Fortunian				Meishucunian			Cambrian 1					529
		Fortunian				Jinnigian			Cambrian 1					530.7
															538.8