PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126662 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian of China		Devonian Subages	Ordovician of Australia	Devonian of Germany	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia			Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian									Tertiary †			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean												3.6
	Miocene	Messinian												5.333
		Tortonian												7.246
		Serravallian												11.63
		Langhian												13.82
		Burdigalian												15.98
		Aquitanian												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian												33.9
		Bartonian												37.71
		Lutetian												41.2
		Ypresian												47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian												56
		Selandian												59.2
		Danian												61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian												66
		Campanian												72.1
		Santonian												83.6
		Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian												100.5
		Aptian												113
		Barremian												121.4
		Hauterivian												125.77
		Valanginian												132.6
		Berriasian												139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian												145
		Kimmeridgian												149.2
		Oxfordian												154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
		Bathonian												165.3
		Bajocian												168.2
		Aalenian												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												174.7
		Pliensbachian												184.2
		Sinemurian												192.9
		Hettangian												199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian												201.4
		Norian												208.5
		Carnian												227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian												237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian												242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian												247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan												251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian												251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian										Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian												259.51
		Wordian												264.28
		Roadian												266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian												273.01
		Artinskian												283.5
		Sakmarian												290.1
		Asselian												293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian												298.9
		Kasimovian												303.7
		Moscovian												307
		Bashkirian												315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian												323.2
		Visean												330.9
		Tournaisian												346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Late Famennian		Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden							358.9
			Middle Famennian	365.3 *
			Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian	Adorf	372.2
			Middle Frasnian		375.4 *
			Early Frasnian		379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian	Givetian	382.7
			Middle Givetian		383.7 *
			Early Givetian		385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian	Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian	Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian	Emsian	393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian	Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian	Siegen	407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian	Gedinnine	410.8
			Middle Lochkovian		412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian		415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Bolindian	Kosovian	443.8
		Katian			Bolindian	Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	445.2
					Eastonian	Kralodvorian		449 *
					Eastonian	Berounian		449.7 *
					Gisbornian			452 *
		Sandbian						453
								Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
							Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Darriwilian					458.4
						Dobrotivian				458.5 *
						Oretanian				459.7 *
							Sarka †			461.7 *
		Dapingian			Yapeenian		Klabava †			467.3
					Yapeenian	Arenigian				468
					Castlemainian					468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Chewtonian					470
					Bendigonian					471.8 *
					Lancefieldian					473.5 *
		Tremadocian			Lancefieldian	Tremadocian				477.7
		Tremadocian			Warendian	Tremadocian				482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †					485.4
		Jiangshanian			Jiangshanian						489.5
		Paibian			Paibian						494
		Paibian			Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian					494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Guzhangian	Wangcunian †					Series 3 †		497
		Drumian			Drumian	Wangcunian †						500.5
		Wuliuan			Wuliuan/Taijangian							Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4			Duyunian								509
	Series 2	Stage 3			Nangaoian								514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Meishucunian								521
		Fortunian			Meishucunian								529
		Fortunian			Jinnigian								530.7
														538.8