PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126689 collections

Show less time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Devonian of France	Cambrian of Siberia			Permian of the Russian Platform		Ten Million Year Bins	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan							Cenozoic 6				0
				Northgrippian											0.0042
				Greenlandian											0.0082
			Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											0.0117
				Chibanian											0.129
				Calabrian											0.774
				Gelasian											1.8
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian								Tertiary †			2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean											3.6
			Miocene	Messinian											5.333
				Tortonian											7.246
				Serravallian							Cenozoic 5				11.63
				Langhian											13.82
				Burdigalian											15.98
				Aquitanian											20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian							Cenozoic 4				23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian							Cenozoic 4				27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian							Cenozoic 3				33.9
				Bartonian							Cenozoic 3				37.71
				Lutetian							Cenozoic 2				41.2
				Ypresian							Cenozoic 2				47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian							Cenozoic 1				56
				Selandian											59.2
				Danian											61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian							Cretaceous 8				66
				Campanian							Cretaceous 7				72.1
				Santonian							Cretaceous 6				83.6
				Coniacian											86.3
				Turonian											89.8
				Cenomanian							Cretaceous 5				93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian							Cretaceous 4				100.5
				Aptian							Cretaceous 3				113
				Barremian							Cretaceous 2				121.4
				Hauterivian							Cretaceous 2				125.77
				Valanginian							Cretaceous 1				132.6
				Berriasian							Cretaceous 1				139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian							Jurassic 6				145
				Kimmeridgian							Jurassic 5				149.2
				Oxfordian											154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
				Bathonian							Jurassic 4				165.3
				Bajocian							Jurassic 4				168.2
				Aalenian							Jurassic 3				170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian							Jurassic 3				174.7
				Pliensbachian							Jurassic 2				184.2
				Sinemurian							Jurassic 1				192.9
				Hettangian							Jurassic 1				199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian							Triassic 4				201.4
				Norian							Triassic 4				208.5
				Carnian							Triassic 3				227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian							Triassic 2				237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian							Triassic 2				242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian							Triassic 1				247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan							Triassic 1				251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian							Permian 4				251.902
				Wuchiapingian									Longtanian †		254.14
				Wuchiapingian					Tatarian	Vyatkian			Longtanian †		256.8 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian						Severodvinian					259.51
				Wordian						Urzhumian					264.28
				Roadian					Kazanian	Povolzhian	Permian 3				266.9
				Roadian					Kazanian	Sokian	Permian 3				270.7 *
			Cisuralian	Kungurian					Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	Permian 2				273.01
										Filipovian					276.5 *
										Saraninian					280.1 *
Artinskian				Artinskian	Sarginian	283.5
					Irginian	285.9 *
					Burtsevian	287.8 *
Sakmarian				Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	290.1
Sakmarian				Sakmarian	Tastubian	291.7 *
Asselian				Asselian	Shikhanian	Permian 1	293.52
					Uskalykian		294.8
					Surenian		297.5
Carboniferous		Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Carboniferous 5	298.9
			Kasimovian			Carboniferous 5	303.7
			Moscovian			Carboniferous 4	307
			Bashkirian			Carboniferous 4	315.2
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Carboniferous 3	323.2
			Visean			Carboniferous 2	330.9
			Tournaisian			Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian			Famennian	Devonian 5	358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian			Frasnian	Devonian 4	372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian			Givetian	Devonian 3	382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Couvinien	Devonian 3	387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian				Devonian 2	393.3
			Pragian				Devonian 1	407.6
			Pragian			Coblencien		408.2 *
			Lochkovian			Gedinnine		410.8
Silurian		Pridoli					Silurian 2	419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
		Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian				Silurian 1	433.4
			Aeronian					438.5
			Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Ordovician 5	443.8
			Katian				Ordovician 5	445.2
			Sandbian				Ordovician 4	453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Ordovician 3	458.4
		Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				Ordovician 2	467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian				Ordovician 2	470
			Tremadocian				Ordovician 1	477.7
			Tremadocian				Ordovician 1	Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10				Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	Cambrian 5	485.4
			Jiangshanian				Batyrbaian				489.5
							Aksaian				490.7 *
							Sakian				492.2 *
			Paibian								494
			Paibian						Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian		494.7 *
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Ayusokkanian			Cambrian 4	Series 3 †	497
			Guzhangian				Mayan/Menevian					499.5
			Drumian				Mayan/Menevian					500.5
			Wuliuan				Amgan/Solvan			Cambrian 3		Stage 5 †	504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4				Amgan/Solvan						509
							Toyonian	Lenian †					510 *
							Botomian						512.5 *
			Stage 3				Botomian			Cambrian 2			514
			Stage 3				Atdabanian						515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Tommotian				521
		Stage 2	Nemakit-Daldynian				525.5
		Fortunian	Nemakit-Daldynian				Manykaian †	Cambrian 1		529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran												538.8
		Cryogenian												635
		Tonian												720
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian												1000
		Ectasian												1200
		Calymmian												1400
	Paleoproterozoic	Statherian												1600
		Orosirian												1800
		Rhyacian												2050
		Siderian												2300
Archean	Neoarchean													2500
	Mesoarchean													2800
	Paleoarchean													3200
	Eoarchean													3600
Hadean														4000
															4600