PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126679 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian of Siberia			Permian of the Russian Platform		Ten Million Year Bins	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						Cenozoic 6				0
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian										0.129
		Calabrian										0.774
		Gelasian										1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian							Tertiary †			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										5.333
		Tortonian										7.246
		Serravallian						Cenozoic 5				11.63
		Langhian										13.82
		Burdigalian										15.98
		Aquitanian										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Cenozoic 4				23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian						Cenozoic 4				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian						Cenozoic 3				33.9
		Bartonian						Cenozoic 3				37.71
		Lutetian						Cenozoic 2				41.2
		Ypresian						Cenozoic 2				47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Cenozoic 1				56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Cretaceous 8				66
		Campanian						Cretaceous 7				72.1
		Santonian						Cretaceous 6				83.6
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
		Cenomanian						Cretaceous 5				93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Cretaceous 4				100.5
		Aptian						Cretaceous 3				113
		Barremian						Cretaceous 2				121.4
		Hauterivian						Cretaceous 2				125.77
		Valanginian						Cretaceous 1				132.6
		Berriasian						Cretaceous 1				139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						Jurassic 6				145
		Kimmeridgian						Jurassic 5				149.2
		Oxfordian										154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
		Bathonian						Jurassic 4				165.3
		Bajocian						Jurassic 4				168.2
		Aalenian						Jurassic 3				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						Jurassic 3				174.7
		Pliensbachian						Jurassic 2				184.2
		Sinemurian						Jurassic 1				192.9
		Hettangian						Jurassic 1				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						Triassic 4				201.4
		Norian						Triassic 4				208.5
		Carnian						Triassic 3				227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						Triassic 2				237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						Triassic 2				242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						Triassic 1				247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan						Triassic 1				251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						Permian 4				251.902
		Wuchiapingian								Longtanian †		254.14
		Wuchiapingian				Tatarian	Vyatkian			Longtanian †		256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Severodvinian					259.51
		Wordian					Urzhumian					264.28
		Roadian				Kazanian	Povolzhian	Permian 3				266.9
		Roadian				Kazanian	Sokian	Permian 3				270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	Permian 2				273.01
							Filipovian					276.5 *
							Saraninian					280.1 *
		Artinskian	Artinskian	Sarginian	283.5
				Irginian	285.9 *
				Burtsevian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian	Asselian	Shikhanian	Permian 1	293.52
				Uskalykian		294.8
				Surenian		297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Carboniferous 5	298.9
		Kasimovian			Carboniferous 5	303.7
		Moscovian			Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian			Carboniferous 4	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Carboniferous 3	323.2
		Visean			Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian			Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Devonian 5	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			Devonian 4	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian			Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian			Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Silurian 2	419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian			Ordovician 5	445.2
		Sandbian			Ordovician 4	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Ordovician 3	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			Ordovician 2	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ordovician 2	470
		Tremadocian			Ordovician 1	477.7
		Tremadocian			Ordovician 1	Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	Cambrian 5	485.4
		Jiangshanian			Batyrbaian				489.5
					Aksaian				490.7 *
					Sakian				492.2 *
		Paibian							494
		Paibian					Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian		494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Ayusokkanian			Cambrian 4	Series 3 †		497
		Guzhangian			Mayan/Menevian						499.5
		Drumian			Mayan/Menevian						500.5
		Wuliuan			Amgan/Solvan			Cambrian 3		Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4			Amgan/Solvan						509
					Toyonian	Lenian †					510 *
					Botomian						512.5 *
		Stage 3			Botomian			Cambrian 2			514
		Stage 3			Atdabanian						515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Tommotian						521
		Stage 2			Nemakit-Daldynian						525.5
		Fortunian			Nemakit-Daldynian	Manykaian †		Cambrian 1			529
												538.8