PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126691 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian of Britain		Cambrian of Australia	Devonian of Germany	Permian of China	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian									Tertiary †		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											5.333
		Tortonian											7.246
		Serravallian											11.63
		Langhian											13.82
		Burdigalian											15.98
		Aquitanian											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian							Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian			23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian							Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian							Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian				33.9
		Bartonian							Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan				37.71
		Lutetian											41.2
		Ypresian								Bumbanian			47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Gashatan				56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											66
		Campanian											72.1
		Santonian											83.6
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
		Cenomanian											93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian											100.5
		Aptian											113
		Barremian											121.4
		Hauterivian											125.77
		Valanginian											132.6
		Berriasian											139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian											145
		Kimmeridgian											149.2
		Oxfordian											154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
		Bathonian											165.3
		Bajocian											168.2
		Aalenian											170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian											174.7
		Pliensbachian											184.2
		Sinemurian											192.9
		Hettangian											199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian											201.4
		Norian											208.5
		Carnian											227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian											237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian											242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian											247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan											251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Meishanian	Melekhovian					251.902
		Changhsingian					Baoqingian						253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian					Laoshanian					Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian					Laibinian					Longtanian †	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Lengwuan						259.51
		Wordian					Kuhfengian						264.28
		Wordian						Noginskian					264.9 *
		Roadian											266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Luodianian						273.01
		Kungurian						Pavlovoposadian					276.8 *
		Artinskian											283.5
							Longlinian						285.4 *
								Rusavkinian					287.6 *
		Sakmarian											290.1
		Asselian					Zisongian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Zisongian						298.9
		Gzhelian											300.1
		Kasimovian	Dorogomilovian	303.7
			Khamovnikian	304.8
			Krevyakinian	305.8 *
		Moscovian	Myachkovian	307
			Podolskian	308.9 *
			Kashirian	311.4 *
			Vereian	313.8
			Melekessian	314.8
		Bashkirian	Melekessian	315.2
			Cheremshanian	316.9 *
			Prikamian	318.6 *
			Severokeltmian	319.9 *
			Krasnopolyanian	321.2 *
			Voznesenian	321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian	323.2
			Protvian	324.4 *
			Steshevian	326.8 *
			Tarusian	329 *
		Visean	Venevian	330.9
			Mikhailovian	331.9 *
			Aleksinian	333.7 *
			Tulian	335.8 *
			Bobrikian	339.9 *
			Radaevkian	343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian	346.7
			Kizelian	350.7 *
			Cherepetian	351.9 *
			Karakubian	354.4 *
			Upinian	356.3 *
			Malevkian	357.6 *
			Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Adorf		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Eifelian		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Emsian		393.3
		Pragian	Siegen		407.6
		Lochkovian	Gedinnine		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			443.8
		Katian			445.2
		Sandbian			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan		Datsonian	485.4
						Dolgellian/Trempealeauan		Payntonian	486.8 *
						Festiniogian		Payntonian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian				Festiniogian		Iverian	489.5
		Jiangshanian				Maentwrogian		Iverian	493.1 *
		Paibian				Maentwrogian		Idamean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			St Davids			Mindyallan	Series 3 †	497
		Guzhangian						Boomerangian		499
		Drumian						Undillan		500.5
		Drumian						Floran		503
		Wuliuan					Templetonian	Stage 5 †		504.5
		Wuliuan					Ordian	Stage 5 †		507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4			Caerfai		Ordian			509
		Stage 4								510.8 *
		Stage 3								514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian								529
													538.8