International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
- M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126710 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cenozoic Subepochs | Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe | Neogene Mammal Ages of China | Mammal Paleogene Zones | Obsolete Names for ICS Units | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Nihewanian | 0.0117 | ||||||
| Chibanian | Middle Pleistocene | 0.129 | |||||||||
| Calabrian | Early Pleistocene | 0.774 | |||||||||
| Gelasian | 1.8 | ||||||||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Late Pliocene | Yushean | Tertiary † | 2.58 | |||||
| Zanclean | Early Pliocene | 3.6 | |||||||||
| Baodean | 4.9 | ||||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | Late Miocene | 5.333 | ||||||||
| Tortonian | 7.246 | ||||||||||
| Tunggurian | 11.1 | ||||||||||
| Serravallian | Middle Miocene | 11.63 | |||||||||
| Langhian | Shanwangian | 13.82 | |||||||||
| Burdigalian | Early Miocene | 15.98 | |||||||||
| Xiejiaan | 16.9 | ||||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | ||||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Late Oligocene | MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26 | MP 25 | 23.03 | |||||
| Rupelian | Early Oligocene | MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21 | 27.82 | ||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | Late Eocene | MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A | 33.9 | |||||||
| Bartonian | Middle Eocene | MP 16 | 37.71 | ||||||||
| Lutetian | MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11 | 41.2 | |||||||||
| Ypresian | Early Eocene | MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7 | 47.8 | ||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | Late Paleocene | MP 6 | MP 1 - 5 | 56 | ||||||
| Selandian | Middle Paleocene | 59.2 | |||||||||
| Danian | Early Paleocene | 61.6 | |||||||||
| Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | 66 | ||||||||
| Campanian | 72.1 | ||||||||||
| Santonian | 83.6 | ||||||||||
| Coniacian | 86.3 | ||||||||||
| Turonian | 89.8 | ||||||||||
| Cenomanian | 93.9 | ||||||||||
| Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | |||||||||
| Aptian | 113 | ||||||||||
| Barremian | 121.4 | ||||||||||
| Hauterivian | 125.77 | ||||||||||
| Valanginian | 132.6 | ||||||||||
| Berriasian | 139.8 | ||||||||||
| Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | ||||||||
| Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | ||||||||||
| Oxfordian | 154.8 | ||||||||||
| Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | |||||||||
| Bathonian | 165.3 | ||||||||||
| Bajocian | 168.2 | ||||||||||
| Aalenian | 170.9 | ||||||||||
| Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | |||||||||
| Pliensbachian | 184.2 | ||||||||||
| Sinemurian | 192.9 | ||||||||||
| Hettangian | 199.5 | ||||||||||
| Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | ||||||||
| Norian | 208.5 | ||||||||||
| Carnian | 227 | ||||||||||
| Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | |||||||||
| Anisian | 242 | ||||||||||
| Early Triassic | Olenekian | Vokhmian | 247.2 | ||||||||
| Induan | 251.2 | ||||||||||
| Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | 251.902 | ||||||||
| Wuchiapingian | Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian | Longtanian † | 254.14 | ||||||||
| Guadalupian | Capitanian | Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian | 259.51 | ||||||||
| Wordian | Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian | 264.28 | |||||||||
| Roadian | Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian | 266.9 | |||||||||
| Cisuralian | Kungurian | 273.01 | |||||||||
| Artinskian | 283.5 | ||||||||||
| Sakmarian | 290.1 | ||||||||||
| Asselian | 293.52 | ||||||||||
| Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | 298.9 | ||||||||
| Kasimovian | 303.7 | ||||||||||
| Moscovian | 307 | ||||||||||
| Bashkirian | 315.2 | ||||||||||
| Mississippian | Serpukhovian | 323.2 | |||||||||
| Visean | 330.9 | ||||||||||
| Tournaisian | 346.7 | ||||||||||
| Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | 358.9 | ||||||||
| Frasnian | 372.2 | ||||||||||
| Middle Devonian | Givetian | 382.7 | |||||||||
| Eifelian | 387.7 | ||||||||||
| Early Devonian | Emsian | 393.3 | |||||||||
| Pragian | 407.6 | ||||||||||
| Lochkovian | 410.8 | ||||||||||
| Silurian | Pridoli | 419.2 | |||||||||
| Ludlow | Ludfordian | 423 | |||||||||
| Gorstian | 425.6 | ||||||||||
| Wenlock | Homerian | 427.4 | |||||||||
| Sheinwoodian | 430.5 | ||||||||||
| Llandovery | Telychian | 433.4 | |||||||||
| Aeronian | 438.5 | ||||||||||
| Rhuddanian | 440.8 | ||||||||||
| Ordovician | Late Ordovician | Hirnantian | 443.8 | ||||||||
| Katian | 445.2 | ||||||||||
| Sandbian | 453 | ||||||||||
| Middle Ordovician | Darriwilian | 458.4 | |||||||||
| Dapingian | 467.3 | ||||||||||
| Early Ordovician | Floian | 470 | |||||||||
| Tremadocian | 477.7 | ||||||||||
| Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | 485.4 | ||||||||
| Jiangshanian | 489.5 | ||||||||||
| Paibian | 494 | ||||||||||
| Miaolingian | Guzhangian | Series 3 † | 497 | ||||||||
| Drumian | 500.5 | ||||||||||
| Wuliuan | Stage 5 † | 504.5 | |||||||||
| 509 | |||||||||||