PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 125929 collections

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Mammal Paleogene Zones		Cenozoic Subepochs	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene			Late Pleistocene				0.0117
		Chibanian			Middle Pleistocene				0.129
		Calabrian			Early Pleistocene				0.774
		Gelasian			Early Pleistocene				1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Late Pliocene	Tertiary †			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean			Early Pliocene				3.6
	Miocene	Messinian			Late Miocene				5.333
		Tortonian			Late Miocene				7.246
		Serravallian			Middle Miocene				11.63
		Langhian			Middle Miocene				13.82
		Burdigalian			Early Miocene				15.98
		Aquitanian			Early Miocene				20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25	Late Oligocene				23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21	MP 25	Early Oligocene				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A		Late Eocene				33.9
		Bartonian	MP 16		Middle Eocene				37.71
		Lutetian	MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11		Middle Eocene				41.2
		Ypresian	MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7		Early Eocene				47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	MP 6	MP 1 - 5	Late Paleocene				56
		Selandian			Middle Paleocene				59.2
		Danian			Early Paleocene				61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian							66
		Campanian							72.1
		Santonian							83.6
		Coniacian							86.3
		Turonian							89.8
		Cenomanian							93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian							100.5
		Aptian							113
		Barremian							121.4
		Hauterivian							125.77
		Valanginian							132.6
		Berriasian							139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian							145
		Kimmeridgian							149.2
		Oxfordian							154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian							161.5
		Bathonian							165.3
		Bajocian							168.2
		Aalenian							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian							174.7
		Pliensbachian							184.2
		Sinemurian							192.9
		Hettangian							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian							201.4
		Norian							208.5
		Carnian							227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian							237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian							242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian							247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan							251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian							251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Artinskian							283.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						323.2
		Visean						330.9
		Tournaisian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						443.8
		Katian	445.2
		Sandbian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	485.4
		Jiangshanian	489.5
		Paibian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †	497
		Drumian		500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †	504.5
									509