PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126701 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Cambrian of North America		Silurian of England		Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Carboniferous Subepochs	Central Paratethys Stages	Permian of North America		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian												Tertiary †		2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean														3.6
			Miocene	Messinian														5.333
				Tortonian									Pannonian					7.246
				Serravallian									Sarmatian					11.63
				Serravallian									Badenian					12.8 *
				Langhian														13.82
				Burdigalian														15.98
				Aquitanian														20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian														27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian														33.9
				Bartonian														37.71
				Lutetian														41.2
				Ypresian														47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian														56
				Selandian														59.2
				Danian														61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														66
				Campanian														72.1
				Santonian														83.6
				Coniacian														86.3
				Turonian														89.8
				Cenomanian														93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian														100.5
				Aptian														113
				Barremian														121.4
				Hauterivian														125.77
				Valanginian														132.6
				Berriasian														139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														145
				Kimmeridgian														149.2
				Oxfordian														154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
				Bathonian														165.3
				Bajocian														168.2
				Aalenian														170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian														174.7
				Pliensbachian														184.2
				Sinemurian														192.9
				Hettangian														199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian														201.4
				Norian														208.5
				Carnian														227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian														237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian														242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian														247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan														251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Melekhovian													251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian													Longtanian †	254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian										Capitanian				259.51
				Wordian										Wordian				264.28
				Wordian	Noginskian									Wordian				264.9 *
				Roadian										Roadian				266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian										Leonardian	Cathedralian			273.01
					Pavlovoposadian										Cathedralian			276.8 *
															Hessian			281.9 *
				Artinskian											Hessian			283.5
														Wolfcampian	Lenoxian			286.1 *
					Rusavkinian													287.6 *
				Sakmarian														290.1
				Asselian											Nealian			293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								Late Pennsylvanian						298.9
				Kasimovian	Dorogomilovian													303.7
Khamovnikian					304.8
Krevyakinian					305.8 *
Moscovian				Myachkovian	Middle Pennsylvanian	307
				Podolskian		308.9 *
				Kashirian		311.4 *
				Vereian		313.8
				Melekessian		314.8
Bashkirian				Melekessian	Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
				Cheremshanian		316.9 *
				Prikamian		318.6 *
				Severokeltmian		319.9 *
				Krasnopolyanian		321.2 *
				Voznesenian		321.9 *
Mississippian			Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian	Late Mississippian	323.2
				Protvian		324.4 *
				Steshevian		326.8 *
				Tarusian		329 *
			Visean	Venevian	Middle Mississippian	330.9
				Mikhailovian		331.9 *
				Aleksinian		333.7 *
				Tulian		335.8 *
				Bobrikian		339.9 *
				Radaevkian		343.4 *
			Tournaisian	Kosvian	Early Mississippian	346.7
				Kizelian		350.7 *
				Cherepetian		351.9 *
				Karakubian		354.4 *
				Upinian		356.3 *
				Malevkian		357.6 *
				Gumerovian		358 *
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
			Pragian			407.6
			Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian		Pridoli				Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
		Pridoli				Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton	421.3
		Ludlow	Ludfordian			Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
			Gorstian					425.6
			Gorstian				Buildwas	426.4 *
		Wenlock	Homerian				Buildwas	427.4
			Homerian			Wych	Woolhope	428.4 *
			Sheinwoodian					430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
			Telychian					436.3 *
			Aeronian					438.5
	Cowleigh Park		Aeronian			439.3 *
	Cowleigh Park		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				443.8
		Katian				445.2
		Sandbian				453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian				470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian				477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan		485.4
		Stage 10						Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian						Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian						Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian						Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Marjumian		Albertian †	Series 3 †	497
		Drumian				Marjumian				500.5
		Wuliuan				Topazan				Stage 5 †	504.5
		Wuliuan				Delamaran				Stage 5 †	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Delamaran		Waucoban †			509
		Stage 4				Dyeran					511 *
		Stage 3				Dyeran					514
						Montezuman					514.8 *
						Begadean					519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian									529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran											Vendian †	Poundian †	538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran											Vendian †	Wonokan †	571.7 *
																		635