International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

  • K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
  • J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
  • W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126679 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic TimescalePermian of the Salt RangeCambrian of AustraliaPaleogene Mammal Ages of AsiaDevonian of FranceOrdovician of AustraliaObsolete Names for ICS Units
NeogenePliocenePiacenzianTertiary †2.58
Zanclean3.6
MioceneMessinian5.333
Tortonian7.246
Serravallian11.63
Langhian13.82
Burdigalian15.98
Aquitanian20.44
PaleogeneOligoceneChattianTabenbulakianHsandagolian23.03
RupelianKekeamuan27.82
EocenePriabonianHouldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian33.9
BartonianSharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan37.71
Lutetian41.2
YpresianBumbanian47.8
PaleoceneThanetianGashatan56
Selandian59.2
Danian61.6
CretaceousLate CretaceousMaastrichtian66
Campanian72.1
Santonian83.6
Coniacian86.3
Turonian89.8
Cenomanian93.9
Early CretaceousAlbian100.5
Aptian113
Barremian121.4
Hauterivian125.77
Valanginian132.6
Berriasian139.8
JurassicLate JurassicTithonian145
Kimmeridgian149.2
Oxfordian154.8
Middle JurassicCallovian161.5
Bathonian165.3
Bajocian168.2
Aalenian170.9
Early JurassicToarcian174.7
Pliensbachian184.2
Sinemurian192.9
Hettangian199.5
TriassicLate TriassicRhaetian201.4
Norian208.5
Carnian227
Middle TriassicLadinian237
Anisian242
Early TriassicOlenekian247.2
Induan251.2
Kathwai251.5 *
PermianLopingianChanghsingian251.902
252.4 *
Chhidru252.9 *
WuchiapingianLongtanian †254.14
Kalabagh255 *
Wargal256 *
GuadalupianCapitanian259.51
Wordian264.28
265.3 *
Amb266.1 *
Roadian266.9
270.7 *
CisuralianKungurian273.01
Artinskian283.5
Sakmarian290.1
Asselian293.52
CarboniferousPennsylvanianGzhelian298.9
Kasimovian303.7
Moscovian307
Bashkirian315.2
MississippianSerpukhovian323.2
Visean330.9
Tournaisian346.7
DevonianLate DevonianFamennianFamennian358.9
FrasnianFrasnian372.2
Middle DevonianGivetianGivetian382.7
EifelianCouvinien387.7
Early DevonianEmsian393.3
Pragian407.6
Coblencien408.2 *
LochkovianGedinnine410.8
SilurianPridoli419.2
LudlowLudfordian423
Gorstian425.6
WenlockHomerian427.4
Sheinwoodian430.5
LlandoveryTelychian433.4
Aeronian438.5
Rhuddanian440.8
OrdovicianLate OrdovicianHirnantianBolindian443.8
Katian445.2
Eastonian449 *
Gisbornian452 *
Sandbian453
Middle OrdovicianDarriwilianDarriwilian458.4
DapingianYapeenian467.3
Castlemainian468.5 *
Early OrdovicianFloianChewtonian470
Bendigonian471.8 *
Lancefieldian473.5 *
Tremadocian477.7
Warendian482.8 *
CambrianFurongianStage 10Datsonian485.4
Payntonian486.8 *
JiangshanianIverian489.5
PaibianIdamean494
MiaolingianGuzhangianMindyallanSeries 3 †497
Boomerangian499
DrumianUndillan500.5
Floran503
WuliuanTempletonianStage 5 †504.5
Ordian507.8 *
Series 2Stage 4509
510.8 *