PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126606 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Carboniferous Subepochs	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian						Tertiary †			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian									5.333
		Tortonian									7.246
		Serravallian									11.63
		Langhian									13.82
		Burdigalian									15.98
		Aquitanian									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian									33.9
		Bartonian									37.71
		Lutetian									41.2
		Ypresian									47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian									56
		Selandian									59.2
		Danian									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									66
		Campanian									72.1
		Santonian									83.6
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian									100.5
		Aptian									113
		Barremian									121.4
		Hauterivian									125.77
		Valanginian									132.6
		Berriasian									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									145
		Kimmeridgian									149.2
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian									165.3
		Bajocian		Epizigzagiceras							168.2
		Bajocian		Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense							168.4
		Aalenian		Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta							174.7
				Planulata							179.3 *
				Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi					179.8 *
				Kanense							181.3 *
				Carlottense							182.3 *
				Kunae							183.5 *
		Pliensbachian		Kunae							184.2
				Freboldi							185.1 *
				Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras						186.2 *
					Tetraspidoceras						189.2 *
				Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis						190.3 *
		Sinemurian									192.9
				Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras					196.4 *
				Franziceras/Euphyllites							196.5 *
		Hettangian		Franziceras/Euphyllites							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									201.4
		Norian									208.5
		Carnian									227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian									237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian									242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian									247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan									251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Melekhovian								251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian							Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									259.51
		Wordian									264.28
		Wordian	Noginskian								264.9 *
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Kungurian	Pavlovoposadian				276.8 *
		Artinskian	Pavlovoposadian				283.5
		Artinskian	Rusavkinian				287.6 *
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Late Pennsylvanian			298.9
		Kasimovian	Dorogomilovian							303.7
			Khamovnikian							304.8
			Krevyakinian							305.8 *
		Moscovian	Myachkovian				Middle Pennsylvanian			307
			Podolskian							308.9 *
			Kashirian							311.4 *
			Vereian							313.8
			Melekessian							314.8
		Bashkirian	Melekessian				Early Pennsylvanian			315.2
			Cheremshanian					316.9 *
			Prikamian					318.6 *
			Severokeltmian					319.9 *
			Krasnopolyanian					321.2 *
			Voznesenian					321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian				Late Mississippian	323.2
			Protvian					324.4 *
			Steshevian					326.8 *
			Tarusian					329 *
		Visean	Venevian				Middle Mississippian	330.9
			Mikhailovian					331.9 *
			Aleksinian					333.7 *
			Tulian					335.8 *
			Bobrikian					339.9 *
			Radaevkian					343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian				Early Mississippian	346.7
			Kizelian					350.7 *
			Cherepetian					351.9 *
			Karakubian					354.4 *
			Upinian					356.3 *
			Malevkian					357.6 *
			Gumerovian					358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		443.8
		Katian		445.2
		Sandbian		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian		467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian		470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		485.4
		Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †	497
		Drumian			500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †	504.5
											509