PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126691 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Cambrian of Australia	Precambrian of Russia	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian								Tertiary †			2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean											3.6
			Miocene	Messinian											5.333
				Tortonian											7.246
				Serravallian											11.63
				Langhian											13.82
				Burdigalian											15.98
				Aquitanian											20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian											27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
				Bartonian											37.71
				Lutetian											41.2
				Ypresian											47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian											56
				Selandian											59.2
				Danian											61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											66
				Campanian											72.1
				Santonian											83.6
				Coniacian											86.3
				Turonian											89.8
				Cenomanian											93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian											100.5
				Aptian											113
				Barremian											121.4
				Hauterivian											125.77
				Valanginian											132.6
				Berriasian											139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian											145
				Kimmeridgian											149.2
				Oxfordian											154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
				Bathonian											165.3
				Bajocian											168.2
				Aalenian											170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian											174.7
				Pliensbachian											184.2
				Sinemurian											192.9
				Hettangian											199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian											201.4
				Norian											208.5
				Carnian											227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian											237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian											242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian											247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan											251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian											251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian									Longtanian †		254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian											259.51
				Wordian											264.28
				Roadian											266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian											273.01
				Artinskian											283.5
				Sakmarian											290.1
				Asselian											293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Mapingian †										298.9
				Kasimovian	Mapingian †										303.7
				Kasimovian											305.9
				Moscovian											307
				Bashkirian											315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian											323.2
				Visean											330.9
				Tournaisian											346.7
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
			Pragian	407.6
			Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian		Pridoli		419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
		Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
			Aeronian	438.5
			Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Kosovian		443.8
			Katian	Kralodvorian		Bohdalec †	445.2
			Katian	Berounian			449.7 *
			Sandbian				453
							Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
						Liben †			458 *
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						458.4
				Dobrotivian					458.5 *
				Oretanian					459.7 *
						Sarka †			461.7 *
			Dapingian			Klabava †			467.3
			Dapingian	Arenigian					468
		Early Ordovician	Floian	Arenigian					470
		Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Tremadocian					477.7
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10	Datsonian						485.4
			Stage 10	Payntonian						486.8 *
			Jiangshanian	Iverian						489.5
			Paibian	Idamean						494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Mindyallan						Series 3 †	497
			Guzhangian	Boomerangian							499
			Drumian	Undillan							500.5
			Drumian	Floran							503
			Wuliuan	Templetonian							Stage 5 †	504.5
			Wuliuan	Ordian							Stage 5 †	507.8 *
		Series 2	Stage 4	Ordian								509
			Stage 4									510.8 *
			Stage 3									514
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2									521
		Terreneuvian	Fortunian									529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran											Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian												635
		Tonian												720
		Tonian											Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian											Karatau	1000
		Stenian											Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian											Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian											Burzyan	1375
															1400