PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126689 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Ordovician of Britain				Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Carboniferous of North America	Permian of the Salt Range	Silurian of North America			Cambrian Epochs	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian													Tertiary †		2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean															3.6
			Miocene	Messinian															5.333
				Tortonian															7.246
				Serravallian															11.63
				Langhian															13.82
				Burdigalian															15.98
				Aquitanian															20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian															23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian															27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian															33.9
				Bartonian															37.71
				Lutetian															41.2
				Ypresian															47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian															56
				Selandian															59.2
				Danian															61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															66
				Campanian															72.1
				Santonian															83.6
				Coniacian															86.3
				Turonian															89.8
				Cenomanian															93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian															100.5
				Aptian															113
				Barremian															121.4
				Hauterivian															125.77
				Valanginian															132.6
				Berriasian															139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian															145
				Kimmeridgian															149.2
				Oxfordian															154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
				Bathonian															165.3
				Bajocian															168.2
				Aalenian															170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian															174.7
				Pliensbachian															184.2
				Sinemurian															192.9
				Hettangian															199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian															201.4
				Norian															208.5
				Carnian															227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian															237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian															242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian															247.2
				Induan															251.2
				Induan								Kathwai							251.5 *
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian								Kathwai							251.902
																			252.4 *
												Chhidru							252.9 *
				Wuchiapingian								Chhidru						Longtanian †	254.14
												Kalabagh							255 *
												Wargal							256 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian															259.51
				Wordian															264.28
																			265.3 *
												Amb							266.1 *
				Roadian								Amb							266.9
				Roadian															270.7 *
			Cisuralian	Kungurian															273.01
				Artinskian															283.5
				Sakmarian															290.1
				Asselian							Bursumian †								293.52
Carboniferous		Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Virgilian	298.9
			Kasimovian	Missourian	303.7
			Kasimovian	Desmoinesian	305.9 *
			Moscovian	Desmoinesian	307
			Moscovian	Atokan	312.7 *
			Bashkirian	Atokan	315.2
			Bashkirian	Morrowan	318.4 *
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Chesterian	323.2
			Visean	Chesterian	330.9
				Meramecian	335.8 *
				Osagean	343.1 *
			Tournaisian	Osagean	346.7
			Tournaisian	Kinderhookian	351.9 *
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian		358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian		372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian		382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian		387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian		393.3
			Pragian		407.6
			Lochkovian		410.8
Silurian		Pridoli			Cayugan	419.2
		Pridoli			Niagaran	422.5 *
		Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
		Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian			Lockportian	427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian			Ontarian	433.4
			Aeronian				438.5
							Alexandrian	438.7 *
					Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
								440.7 *
			Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Ashgill		Hirnantian		443.8
			Katian				Rawtheyan		445.2
							Cautleyan		448.9 *
							Pusgillian		449.3 *
					Caradoc		Streffordian		Onnian †	449.6 *
							Cheneyan			451.5 *
							Burrellian			452.7 *
			Sandbian							453
									Actonian †	453.2 *
									Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
									Longvillian †		455.2 *
							Aurelucian		Longvillian †		456.8 *
							Aurelucian		Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Llanvirn		Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn				458.4
			Darriwilian				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn				461.3 *
			Dapingian				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn				467.3
	Arenig		Dapingian		Fennian		468.4 *
		Early Ordovician	Floian		Fennian		470
					Whitlandian		471.1 *
					Moridunian		474.3 *
	Tremadocian		Tremadoc		Migneintian		477.7
			Tremadoc		Cressagian		480.8 *
							485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Late Cambrian				485.4
		Jiangshanian									489.5
		Paibian									494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Middle Cambrian				Series 3 †		497
		Guzhangian										Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian											500.5
		Wuliuan											Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Branchian				Early Cambrian			509
		Stage 3					Branchian							514
		Stage 3					Placentian							517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2												521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian												529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran													Vendian †	Poundian †		538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran													Vendian †	Wonokan †		571.7 *
																			635