PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126710 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ordovician of Britain				Cambrian of Britain		Central Paratethys Stages	Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of China
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian								Tertiary †				2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean												3.6
	Miocene	Messinian												5.333
		Tortonian							Pannonian					7.246
		Serravallian							Sarmatian					11.63
		Serravallian							Badenian					12.8 *
		Langhian												13.82
		Burdigalian												15.98
		Aquitanian												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian												33.9
		Bartonian												37.71
		Lutetian												41.2
		Ypresian												47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian												56
		Selandian												59.2
		Danian												61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian												66
		Campanian												72.1
		Santonian												83.6
		Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian												100.5
		Aptian												113
		Barremian												121.4
		Hauterivian												125.77
		Valanginian												132.6
		Berriasian												139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian												145
		Kimmeridgian												149.2
		Oxfordian												154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
		Bathonian												165.3
		Bajocian												168.2
		Aalenian												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												174.7
		Pliensbachian												184.2
		Sinemurian												192.9
		Hettangian												199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian												201.4
		Norian												208.5
		Carnian												227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian												237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian												242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian												247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan												251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian											Meishanian	251.902
		Changhsingian											Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian									Longtanian †		Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian									Longtanian †		Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian											Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian											Kuhfengian	264.28
		Roadian											Kuhfengian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian											Luodianian	273.01
		Artinskian											Luodianian	283.5
		Artinskian											Longlinian	285.4 *
		Sakmarian											Longlinian	290.1
		Asselian											Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian											Zisongian	298.9
		Gzhelian												300.1
		Kasimovian												303.7
		Moscovian												307
		Bashkirian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian		Rawtheyan	445.2
				Cautleyan	448.9 *
				Pusgillian	449.3 *
			Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
				Cheneyan		451.5 *
				Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian				453
					Actonian †	453.2 *
					Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
					Longvillian †		455.2 *
				Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
				Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
		Dapingian	Arenig	Fennian			468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Fennian			470
				Whitlandian			471.1 *
				Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian			Ungurian	477.7
			Tremadoc	Cressagian				480.8 *
								485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Batyrbaian	485.4
		Stage 10						Festiniogian		489.2 *
		Jiangshanian								489.5
									Aksaian	490.7 *
									Sakian	492.2 *
								Maentwrogian		493.1 *
		Paibian						Maentwrogian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					St Davids		Series 3 †	Ayusokkanian		497
		Guzhangian										499.5
		Drumian								Zhanaarykian		500.5
		Drumian								Tuesaian	503
		Wuliuan								Tuesaian	Stage 5 †	504.5
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †	505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4					Caerfai					509
										Toyonian		510 *
										Botomian		512.5 *
		Stage 3								Botomian		514
		Stage 3								Atdabanian		515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								Tommotian		521
		Stage 2										525.5
		Fortunian										529
														538.8